52 FRINGILLID^E. 



Genus FRINGILLA, Linnceus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 317 (1766). 



Fringilla = some small bird, in classical Latin ; probably akin to frigo = I 

 squeak, frlgutio = I twitter, ^pyyt'Xos = some bird in Aristophanes, Av. 762, 

 875, etc. 



Fringilla caelebs. CHAFFINCH. 



Fringilla crelebs, Linnceus, S.N. i. p. 318 (1766). 



Fringilla coelebs, Naum. v. p. 13; Macg. i. p. 329; Hewitson, 

 p. 192 ; Yarr. ed. 2, i. p. 507; id. ed. 3, i. p. 532 ; Newton, 

 ii. p. 68; Gould, iii. pi. 34; Harting, p. 27; Dresser, iv. 

 p. 3. 



Fringilla cselebs, Gray, p. 94. 



Chaffinch, Yarr. ed. 1, i. p. 460. 



Calebs = unmarried, single ; because Linnaeus noticed that female Chaffinches 

 emigrate southwards from Sweden in autumn, leaving the males "celibate" till 

 spriug. 



Resident and generally distributed, except in the Hebrides. 

 It occurs throughout the Western Palsearctic Region, though 

 very rare in North-west Africa, where it is replaced by 

 F. spodiogena. 



Fringilla montifringilla. BRAMBLING. 



Fringilla Montifringilla, Linnaeus, S. N. i. p. 318 



(1766). 



Fringilla montifringilla, Naum. v. p. 44; Macg. i. p. 335; 

 Hewitson, p. 194; Gray, p. 94; Yarr. ed. 2, i. p. 512; 

 id. ed. 3, i. p. 537; Newton, ii. p. 75 ; Gould, iii. pi. 35 ; 

 Harting, p. 27; Dresser, iv. p. 15. 

 Mountain Finch, Yarr. ed. 1, i. p. 465. 



Montifringilla = mountain-finch ; from mons + fringilla. 



A winter visitant, irregular only in the midland and western 

 districts, throughout the British Isles; it has once been 

 known to breed in Perthshire. Found in most districts of 

 the Palsearctic Region, it rarely breeds south of lat. 60 N. 



