COLUMBA. TURTUR. 139 



Columba livia. KOCK-DOVE. 



Columba livia, Bonnaterre, Encycl. Meth. i. p. 227 



(1790). 



Columba livia, Naum. vi. p. 186; Macg. i. p. 268; Hewitson, 

 p. 274; Gray, p. 121 ; Yarr. ed. 2, ii. p. 288; id. ed. 3, 

 ii. p. 298 ; Gould, iv. pi. 3 ; Harting, p. 36 ; Dresser, 

 vii. p. 11 ; Saunders, iii. p. 1. 

 The Rock Dove, "Yam ed. 1, ii. p. 259. 



Livia, from its leaden colour, llvor. Gaza translates Aristotle's TreXeias by 

 livia, because ireXos = dark-coloured ; <?/. French Biset, from Fr. bise = livor. 



Generally distributed in suitable localities, principally on 

 rocky cliffs on the coast, not only throughout Great Britain 

 and Ireland, but over the whole western Palsearctic Region. 



Genus TURTUR, Selby, Nat. Libr. Ornith. v. p. 169 (1835) . 



Turtur a Turtle Dove, in classical Latin. Said to be onomatopoeic ; but cf. 

 Tetrax. 



Turtur communis. TURTLE DOVE. 



Turtur communis, Selby, Nat. Libr. Ornith. v. 



pp. 153, 171 (1835). 

 Columba Turtur, Linnaeus, S. N. i. p. 284 (1766). 



Columba turtur, Naum. vi. p. 233 ; Macg. i. p. 291 ; Hewitson, 

 p. 275 ; Yarr. ed. 2, ii. p. 299 ; id. ed. 3, ii. p. 309. 



Turtur auritus, Gray, p. 121 ; Gould, iv. pi. 4 ; Harting, 

 p. 37. 



Turtur vulgaris, Dresser, vii. p. 39. 



Turtur communis, Saunders, iii. p. 21. 



The Turtle Dove, Yarr. ed. 1, ii. p. 267. 



Communis = common. 



A summer visitant to Great Britain, being common in 

 the southern counties and rarer in the northern counties of 

 England; but a rare straggler to Scotland, and a somewhat 

 rare summer visitant to Ireland. It is generally distributed 

 throughout the temperate portions of the western Palsearctic 

 Region, and is found in Africa as far south as 10 N. lat. 

 In Asia it ranges as far east as Yarkand. 



