i30 Journal of the F.M.S. Museum. [Vol. VI, 



Leptospermwn, Vaccinimn longihracteatum, Rhododendron malay- 

 cmuui, Anneslcea crnssipes, Rhodamnia trinervia, var. montana, 

 Evodia pachyphylla, Gordonia imbricata, Symplocos pulcherrima, 

 Olea capitellata ; and Pentaphylax malayana, its brilliant red 

 shoots making it very conspicuous all over the forest which 

 lay on the slopes of the ridge. Burmannia disticha, Hedyotis 

 patens, Spathoglottis aurea, Bromheadia rupestris, with many 

 epiphytic orchids, made up the herbaceous flora. 



THE GULLY. 



After passing along this ridge for some distance we came 

 to a wide cleft between two lofty precipices, which we call 

 " The Gully," and here is a steep ascent of about goo feet 

 over broken rocks and mud. The Gully contains many trees 

 of some size and, being very damp, there are many more 

 hygrophytic plants. On the trees near the entrance grows 

 the pretty creeping Rhododendron elegans, and among the 

 rocks Sonerila ccesia and 5. temiifolia, Phyllagathis hispida, 

 Didymocarpus Robinsonii, Loxocarpns incana, Begonia Hervey- 

 ana, Lastrea calcarata, and other such plants. At the top, on 

 trees sloping at all angles and draped with olive-coloured 

 moss, grew Dendrobium cornutiim. The series of plants here 

 is of a Malayan type, and seems to have pushed up from the 

 low-lying woods of the Tahan and Teku valleys. 



THE PADANG FLORA. 



The Padang is an extensive plateau of open undulating 

 country from 4,600 to 7,186 feet altitude, including herein the 

 higher peaks. The greater part of it consists of sandstone 

 rocks traversed by veins of white milky quartz, and strewn 

 plentifully with quartz-fragments. This region is traversed 

 by small streams which run down from the higher hills 

 to join the Teku. Along the banks of these streams there is a 

 deposit of peaty soil, which is covered with a close dense 

 wood of small trees, the biggest barely 40 feet tall, most 

 of them only an inch or two through, and often only 2 or 3 

 inches apart, forming a wood very difficult to pass through. 

 Where the ground through which the stream passes is flat, 

 we find a dampish spot with a certain amount of soil, which 

 bears a vegetation of bushes and herbaceous plants mixed. 



The entrances of the flora of this area lie betw^een the dry 

 rock-flora of the open Padang and the wet woodland flora of 

 the upper part of the streams. Some plants are common to 

 both, but then are usually, as might be expected, modified to 

 a certain extent, those on the rocks being more adapted 

 for a xerophytic life than those in the woods. 



I will treat of these two floras separately: — ' 



The Rock-Flora. — This flora extends with very little 

 variation over the whole of the stone field to the top of the 

 high ridges of Gunong Ulu Riang, 6,600 feet altitude, and the 

 summit of Gunong Tahan at 7,186. The whole of this area 



