130 Journal of the F.M.S. Museums. [Vol. VII, 



Ibis igio, pp. 659-675, Plate X, and text figure 6, Ibis 1911, 

 pp. 10-S0, PI. 1, and text figures 5 and 6, quoted as " Robinson 

 & Kloss." 



"Zoological Results of the Swedish Zoological Expedi- 

 tions to Siarn 1911-1912 and 1914-1915, IV, Birds, n," by Nils 

 Gyldenstolpe. 



Kttngl. Svenska Vetenskapsakaemiens Handlingar. Band. 56, 

 No. 2, 1916, quoted as "Gyldenstolpe." 



Pulau Paya. A small rocky island, covered with jungle 

 and without regular inhabitants, about two hundred and fifty 

 feet high, situated about sixteen miles west of the mouth of the 

 Kedah River in Lat. 6° 3', N. and Long. ioo° 3' E. and 

 separated from the mainland by depths of fifteen fathoms. 

 The island is about a mile in maximum length and about a 

 third of a mile in breadth. It has been visited by us several 

 times, on the last occasion at the end of April 1915, but no 

 birds of any great interest have been obtained on it. 



A fruit bat [Pteropus hypomelanus geminorum, Miller), only- 

 known elsewhere from the Mergui Archipelago, was found to 

 be abundant on it (c.f. Kloss, antea, Vol. VI, p. 245 (1916). 



Pulau Langkawi. This island, with those immediately 

 adjacent to it, is contained in an area roughly shaped as an 

 equilateral triangle with a side of somewhat over twenty miles 

 between the Latitudes 6° 9', and 6° 27' N. and Longitude 99 

 38' and 99° 56', E, separated from the mainland by a strait 

 ten miles wide at the narrowest part and by depths not 

 exceeding ten fathoms. 



The island is extremely rugged in character, though in the 

 neighbourhood of the two principal villages. Kwah and Kuala 

 Malacca, there are considerable areas of flat land devoted to 

 orchards, rice and coconuts and of late years to the inevitable 

 rubber. There is also a large amount of cultivation on the 

 north coast, where a fairly dense population is settled. 



Elsewhere the country is very mountainous, the highest 

 hill, Gunong Raja, reaching nearly 3,000 feet, while there is a 

 range of precipitous mountains at the north-west corner well 

 over two thousand feet in height. On the present occasion 

 we spent from the I2-I5th December at a place called Burau 

 at the foot of this range, where however no birds of any great 

 interest were obtained. 



The geological formation of Langkawi is by no means so 

 generally limestone as is usually assumed and much granite, 

 quartzite, sandstone and other metamorphic rocks also occur. 

 Most of the smaller islets of the group and many of the 

 larger ones are, however, exclusively limestone and it is on these 

 that the many peculiar species of plants belonging to the 

 Langkawi flora are almost entirely to be found though 

 the forest flora generally appears to differ greatly from 

 that of the southern part of the Malay Peninsula. A con- 

 siderable collection of plants was made at Burau, but here as 



