igiJ'J H. C. Robinson: Birds from Pulau Langkawi. 173 



moult, a possibility that has always been hotlj disputed by 

 many biologists. 



The southern subspecies is extraordinarih close to the 

 northern and only differs in the relative length of the under 

 tail coverts, which more nearly approach the tip of the tail in 

 the southern than they do in the northern form. There seems 

 to be no tangible difference in size. Wings of Langkawi adult 

 female, 122-128 mm. 



82. Hemixus maiaccensis (Blyth). 



Shurpe, torn. cit. p. 52; Robinson and Kloss, p. 56; 

 Robinson, antea vol. V, p. 102 (1915). 



a. V. W. side Pulau Telibun, Trang, S.W. Siam. 

 1st January 1917. [No. 3804.] 

 Quite rare in the north of the Peninsula, whence we have 

 three specimens only, not differing from others from the 

 vicinity of the type locality, Malacca. 



83. MlCROTARSUS MELANOCEPHALOS (Gill.). 



Micropus melanocephalus, Sharpe, torn. cit. p. (15 ; 

 Robinson and Kloss, p. 57. Robinson, anteu, vol. v. p. 148. 



Microtarsus melanocephalus, Gyldenstolpe, p. 66. 



a-b. 2 <?. Pasir Kaja, Pulau Lontar. S.W. Siam. 

 12th January 1917. [Nos. 3904. 5.] 

 " Iris blue, bill and feet black." 



84. Criniger GUTTURALIS OCHRACEUS, Moore. 



Criniger sordidus, Richmond. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas. 

 xxii, p. 320 (19001; Robinson and Kloss, p. 57; Robinson, antea, 



Vol. V. p. 102 (1915). 



Criniger ochraceus, Moore, Cat. Hints Mus. E.I.C. 1, p. 

 252 > 1 854) ; Robinson. Ibis, 1915, p. 746; 



Criniger gutturalis sordidus, Gyldenstolpe, p. 67. 

 a. ?. Burau, N.W. Langkawi, 15th December 

 1916. [No. 3645.] 

 " Iris chocolate, bill plumbeous, blackish on culmen, 

 tarsi horn)- pink." 



The Bulbuls of this group are extremely closely allied and 

 the several species described are but little more than ill-defined 

 subspecies. From descriptions, I fail to see in what respects 

 Criniger henna. Cast. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 1896, p. 18;. 

 can be distinguished from this form. Gyldenstolpe (loc. cit.) 

 lists both, from the same locality, Koon Tan, in Northern Siam. 



The present race is common in the Northern Mala) Penin- 

 sula, becoming slightly differentiated further south. 



85. PYCNONOTUS iinlaysoni, Strickl. 



Sharf>e, torn. cit. p. 144: Robinson and Kloss, p. 58: 

 Robinson, antea, vol. V, p. 149; Robinson, litis, 1915, p. 747: 

 Gyldenstolpe, p. 69. 



Sept., 1917. 11 



