1921] MouLTON : Malaysian Butterflies. 179 



b'. Patch larj^e, covering half or more than 

 half the upper portion of ceil in hind 

 wing. 



c. Fore wing beneath without sexual 

 spot below first median nervule. 



d. Fore wing rounded. Exp, 



al. 65-70 mm. Calliploea. 



d\ Fore wing more pointed. 



Exp. al. 105-110 mm. Macroploea. 



c\ Fore wing beneath with small 

 patch of specialized scales below 

 first median nervule Salpinx. 



Subgenus Menama, Moore. 



Fruhstorf er ^ merges this subgenus under the one 

 group Crastia. Tlie absence of any sexual brand in the 

 male, however, seems to justify subgeneric separation of 

 the three species thus characterized from those in which 

 there are one or more well-defined sexual brands. I there- 

 fore follow Bingham^ in retainmg this subgenus distinct 

 from the subgenus Cra.slia. De Niccville^ follows Butler* 

 in using Hubner's name Crastia for the species here placed 

 under the subgenus Menama, i.e. those characterized by 

 the absence of a sexual brand in the male. 



The remaining species included by Fruhstorfer in his 

 group Crastia, and by Butler and de Niceville in their 

 groups Eiiploea, Bingham refers to his subgenus Crastia ; 

 a course which I adopt here. 



The species of Menama found in the Malay Peninsula 

 may be distinguished as follows : — 



a. Colouring above black fuscous without purple 

 iridescence ; hind-margin fore wing with 

 white spots, hind-margin hind wing with 

 double row of small while spots. 



b. Sub-apical spots in fore wing large. Exp. 



al. 88-98 mm. Apex fore wing roundea marsdeni. 

 b\ Sub-apical spots in fore wing not large, 



very slightly more pronounced than inner 



row of post-discal white spots. Exp. al. 



110-118 mm. malayica. 



a\ Fore wing deep iridescent blue-purple on 

 black, without spots in male and only a 

 few small sjiots in female, hind wing both 

 sexes marked with double row of sub- 

 marginal spots, those of the inner row 

 elongate and heavier modesia. 



27. Euploea crameri Luc. marsdeni Moore. 



Euploea crameri marsdeni Fruhstorfer 1910, p. 2.30. 

 Euploea bremeri Distant 1882, p. 23, Tab. U, flg. 4. 

 Euploea marsdeni Distant 188(5, p. 411, Tab. XXXIX, flg. 1. 



'Fruhstorfer, 1910, p. 226. 

 ' Bingham, 1905, p. 23. 

 ' De Niceville, 1882, p. 58. 

 * Butler, 1878, p. 297. 



