GLOSSARY 245 



Embryo (a rudimentary animal). The nidimontary plantlct, as in the 



seed. 

 Embryo sac. The cavity which contains Mic female ^ametopliytc f»f a 



seed plant and later the embryo and cn(los)M'rm (if present) in tin- 



seed. 

 Emergence. An outgrowth from the surface of a plant not (like a hair) 



arising solely from the epidermis nor (like a thorn) from a i»ud. 

 Endosperm (within the seed). A parenchymatous tissue formed within 



the embryo sac and often developed into the princi}»al mass of 



reserve material in the seed. 

 Entomophilous (insect loving). A term applied to i)lants that are ]»ol- 



linated by insects. 

 Enzyme (in yeast). An unorganized or soluble ferment (such as dias- 

 tase) which is not associated with any organism. 

 Epidermis (upon the skin). The cellular skin or covering of the plant 



body inside the cuticle. 

 Epigynous. A term applied to flowers in which the stamens and perianth 



appear to grow from the top of the ovary. 

 Epiphyte (upon a plant). A plant which grows upon other jilants but 



not parasitically, — an air plant. 

 Eusporangiate. A term applied to pteridophytes the sporangia of which 



arise from a group of cells. 



Family. A taxonomic group standing between genus and order. 



Fertilization. The fusion of two sexual cells, especially the fusion of the 

 sperm with the egg. 



Fiber. A slender, thick-w^alled cell, many times longer than its width. 



Fibro-vascular. Composed of fibers and vessels, as a fibro-vascular bundle. 



Filament (a thread). The stalk of a stamen bearing the anther. 



Fission. The process of cell division by a gradual ])inching in two of 

 the cell. 



Flower. An assemblage of organs in the seed plants necessary for ferti- 

 lization, often with protecting envelo})es. The flower of the angii)- 

 sperms when bisexual usually consists of a perianth, stamens, ami 

 pistil or pistils. 



Foot. A portion of the sporophyte set apart to absorb water or nourish- 

 ment from the gametophyte. 



Formation. An ecological term denoting a well-defined assemblage ot 

 plants characteristic of a given kind of station, as a peat bog. 



Frond (a leaf). The leaf of a fern, generally both vegetative and spore 

 producing in its functions. 



Fruit. The ripened seed case and its contents, or, in a broader sense, a 

 spore-producing structure of the lower plants. 



Fundamental tissue. The general ground tissue (mostly unditTerentiated) 

 in wdiich fibro-vascular bundles and t)ther specialized tissues arise. 



Funiculus (a little rope). The stalk by which the ovule or seed is at- 

 tached to the placenta. 



