Caubvick, on her recovery, had refused to have her hair cut, 

 ■ — a common Eskimo superstition — which had become matted 

 with the disease. Naturally, she flew into a passion whenever 

 Cartwright proposed it. The following summer he records that 

 one of his men came on an Eskimo camp in Ivuktoke bay 

 (Hamilton inlet) where a whole family had died of smallpox, 

 and, from a medal found on the spot, he recognized the family 

 as Caubvick's. 



Undeterred by this sad lesson, Cartwright took a small 

 Eskimo boy of twelve years with him on his next trip to England, 

 intending to educate him that he might be useful in communi- 

 cating with his people. To ward off the danger of smallpox, he 

 had him inoculated. But the poor lad succumbed to the treat- 

 ment in three days, which may have been as fatal to him as the 

 disease itself to a European. Cartwright was greatly grieved by 

 his failures, and probably brought these inflictions on his native 

 neighbours through a mistaken generosity and ignorance of the 

 fatal effects of new climates and diseases on the Eskimo rather 

 than through any intentional selfishness or unkindness on his 

 part. 



In 1775, Cartwright moved farther north to Sandwich bay, 

 where he continued to prosper amid an abundance of fish and 

 game. One curious fact of natural history that he mentions is 

 seeing polar bear diving after salmon. The site that he chose 

 is now occupied by a Hudson Bay post which bears his name, and 

 a monument to him and his brother John stands in the little 

 cemetery near by. Here Cartwright carried on a fishery 

 and trade with the Eskimo, until business troubles took 

 him to England, where he died. A few of the old Eskimo of 

 this district (see footnote, page 15) still survive; the rest of the 

 native population mixed with the "planters" or early servants 

 of the trading companies, many of whose present descend ants 

 show an admixture of Eskimo blood. They retain many of the 

 old hunting superstitions^ of the former Eskimo, and, with fishing 

 in summer and trapping in winter, lead practically the same 



1 One of these survivals is the custom of cutting off the tip of the heart and liver of a seal 

 when it is killed, and throwing it back into the water. The only explanation given is that it 

 is "for luck," which probably means that it is the old Eskimo idea of a return oi a portion of the 

 vital part of the seal to the sea, which will ensure its rebirth in its kind and consequent return 

 to the hunter. 



