101 



extra pair of boots (e). These are all more or less modern 

 types. The carving of animal forms is older. Of these, the 

 seal (Plate XXVII A c), the whale (Plate XXVII A a), and the 

 bear (Plate XXVII Bd) are most common. The white whale 

 (Plate XXVII A f) and walrus (Plate XXVII A b) are more rare. 

 The fox (Plate XXVII Ba) and the reindeer (Plate XXVII Be) 

 are quite unusual. The stone fish, illustrated in Plate XXVII A d, 

 is of steatite (also used for lamps and kettles) which is used as 

 well as ivory for carving, on the east coast. Plate XXV b is a 

 modern ivory miniature of an Eskimo woman in the long-tailed 

 ci'l-apaq. 



Some carvings from the Central Eskimo illustrate how the 

 Eskimo have caught in ivory the sense of action, as plainly 

 as greater sculptors in marble. Plate XXVII B f and g are 

 wolves on the trail. Plate XXVII B b is a polar bear, with up- 

 raised foot on his prey, warning off intruders. Plate XXVII B e 

 represents a musk-ox at bay; and Plate XXVII Ae a narwhal 

 swimming. 



WORK IN WOOD. 



The Labrador Eskimo parallel nearly all their ivory work in 

 wood carving. As the missionaries will tell you, walrus ivory 

 is becoming scarce and the more plentiful material is used 

 instead. Woodwork of this sort includes komatiks and dog- 

 teams with their loads (Plate XIV B a), and even snow-houses, 

 with the blocks and interior fittings carefully imitated. 



WORK IN CLOTH AND FUR. 



The reindeer frocks of the Labrador Eskimo women have 

 handsome inserts of alternate light and dark fur on the edges of 

 the flaps and in the sleeves (Plate XXVIII). The square and 

 diamond-shaped fur appliqu6 work of the Alaskan Eskimo I 

 found in only two specimens, a pair of mittens (Plate XXIX B a) 

 and a tobacco bag (Plate XXIX B d). Beads are much used on 

 fur for ornaments in floral designs, as in Plate XXIX B c. 

 Another favourite bead design is the conventionalized figure in 

 Plate XXIX B b. Modern embroidery on moccasins and 



