1S75.] 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



123 



of Paris green, ami satisfied tliem. The oliler ernps 

 hud Kiven a lair yield, 1ml llie late fruits may tie ex- 

 peeled to be short in llie erops. 



M. D. Keudij;, Manor, reported that the wheat just 

 liarvesled, in their distriel, would not yield half a 

 croj) — not more than forty per eent. of the usual re- 

 turn. Ilay erop also very liflit. Corn promisee ex- 

 ccedln;;ly well. Potatoes, exeept where the liUi; was 

 permitted to eommit ravafjes undistnrtied, will be 

 plenty. Tobaeeo looks well. Pasture improvinir with 

 tlic late rains. Apples, pears and peaehes will be 

 Bcaree, but grapes promise well. Mr. Kendif; also 

 reported that he had sown a sample of Canada oats, 

 reeeived from the National ,\L'rieultural Department. 

 In order to test their eoniparitive value he sowed the 

 Norway (white) and the Birlii — the latter reeeived, 

 two years ago, frfim the department. They were all 

 sown on the '.Mil of April last, in the same kind of .soil 

 and reeeived the same kind of treatment. On the 3d 

 of May tile Norway eame up, then the Canada and 

 Birlie — three days later. Tliere was then no marked 

 dilferenee in them. In three weeks the Canada bepiu 

 to put on a dark iirceu ajipearanee, indieatimr stroni; 

 growth, wliieh is maintained and matured three days 

 earlier than the other varic^ties. The grain of the 

 Canada he reported as being very [ilunip and full, 

 and the straw stilt and about six inches longer than 

 the Norway. The Birlie also promises well, but not 

 anyway eipial to the Canada. Mr. K. w ill try them 

 again next seascm and more fully rejiorl. 



Martin lirukaker, of East Ili'niplield, reported the 

 wheat in his distriet as yielding but little better than 

 half a erop. The eorn full and potatoes promising 

 fair, they having eonqured the Colorado visitors by 

 feeding them ou Paris green. 



H. -M. Engle, of Marietta, agreed generally with 

 the reiiorts already made, as being the average yield 

 of the eounty. Hay had been generally short, but 

 those, he thought, who secured it early made the best 

 eivp in quality. The pasture, he said, was now in 

 first-rate order, and will be good unless there is too 

 mueh rain. He preferred pasture not too rank, or 

 knee-deei> ; eattle, he thought, thrived better on it. 

 He fouuii that the Hungarian grass had been more 

 generally sown, and it was not now too late for any 

 one who desired to sow it. The quality of the wheat, 

 if not the quantity, was good. Oats gave about three- 

 fourths of a erop. He tliought the eorn would not 

 be so produetive as ealeulated by many, espeeially if 

 mueh rain should continue. The jjotatoes had evi- 

 dently got ahead of the bugs, and would jiroduce a 

 good erop if hot attacked with the rot. Apples scarce 

 and much infected by insect. Early peaches had fal- 

 len from rot, but late ones may make a fair ero]). 

 Pears may produce better than apples, Init the insect 

 is in them also. Grapes never promised better, unless 

 wet weather brings the rot to them. Tobacco appears 

 as if it would give an average eroji in his district. 



Sudden Decay in Apple Trees. 



Mr. Eshleman asked for information concerningtho 

 cause of a suilden decay in his apple trees, which had 

 promised well — the decay not commencing until about 

 harvest time. The observations of Messrs. 8taufTer 

 and others was given, in response, as well as received 

 opinions on this subject. Some suggested that the 

 late frost took such a deep hold in the ground that 

 the roots of some trees were frozen, and thus the re- 

 quired quantity of saji was retarded, and nurture be- 

 ing denied decay tbllowed. It was also suggested that 

 these limbs may have been affected by liglitning. 



Milton B. Eshleman then read the following paper: 

 Live Stock and Flies. 



This warm, sultry weather it is painful to work 

 with a horse, and much more so with oxen, while 

 they arc tormentetl beyoml endurance and have not 

 one moment's relief from the stinging and biting of 

 flies — lioi'sc Hies, cow Hies, woods flics and house flies. 

 The plagues of Egypt could not have been worse. 

 Stamping the feet, switching the tail, and snapping 

 when within reach, so wear out the strength and [la- 

 tience of the poor brute, that he often gets so excited 

 and enraged as to become frantic and run oil, in hopes 

 of getting away from his tormentors. Fly nets, mus- 

 lin covers, and waslics with fish brine, carbolic acid, 

 walnut leaves and jimsou, give only partial or tem- 

 porary protection, and the drc.ad of a bite in some 

 exposed part haunts him continually. The shadesof 

 night alonc^ dis[icrse his fears, and give a sure relief; 

 but during the fly season the nights arc so short it is 

 uo wouiler that the sull'ering brutes grow jxjor and 

 haggard, notwithstanding the additional feed. It 

 does seem strange that the inventive genius of Amer- 

 ica, goaded on by the society to pri'Veut ciuelty to 

 animals, and the sense of sympathy for the noble 

 Iiorse that exists in almost every breast, iloes not 

 discover sonu; antidote. It is not only for thi; horse, 

 but for the colts, the cows, the stwk cattle in pasture, 

 and the pig in his sty. It is a i|uesti(iu that lias given 

 mc much thought every summer, audi have adopted 

 what is certainly the most huiuaue system, being the 

 nearest approach to the desired end ; that is, to pro- 

 vide for all my stock dark stabling during the whole 

 day, and let them pasture at night ; and any one who 

 sees them cannot but admit that they are doing well 

 under the treatment. And whenever I see a herd of 

 cows or colts fenced out from t h<; stable, but gathered 

 as uear to it as they can get, or standing under a tree 



switching, biting and stamping until the pasture is 

 all destroyed and their feet are sore, I feel as if the 

 proprietor ought to be tied down on one of the New 

 Jersey Hats, with his sli'eves rolled up. In inosqullo 

 time. In about ten minutes they would introduce 

 into his blood some new ideas In reference to home 

 jirotection. It is a question that has bei'ii often dis- 

 cussed whether shade trees in pasture irround are 

 bciieflcial or not, and it Is now generally admitted 

 that they are an evil rather than a benelit ; for some 

 kind of flics cannot endure the liright sunshine, and 

 will not attack an animal when standing In Its full 

 glare; but the animal seeking the conil'ort of the 

 shade rushes into a greater evil ; besides, the tree 

 growing in the field ilis|ilaees more or less grass, and 

 often attracts lightning and conducts II into the herd 

 beneath. In my mind, the dark stable? is the ni- phis 

 ultra of protection to the idle stock ; but the horse, 

 when in service, must be jirotccted by arlilicial nu-ans. 

 .\s liquid applications have failed to give the desired 

 relief, we must fall back on the lly net, which, though 

 expensive, unsightly, and attended with mueh work 

 putting on and oil', does, when properly apiflied, pro- 

 tect the greater part of the horse ; but, as you have 

 all noticed, the Hies arc not long in making the dis- 

 covery that the thongs of the net cannot reach them 

 when under the body of the horse, and the only way 

 he can ilislodge them is by raising his hind foot and 

 shoving it forward along his belly, which causes a 

 stop and a jerk each time, which is extremely annoy- 

 ing to thf driver and very severe on the harness. To 

 counteract this, I contrived a short net of leather 

 thongs, that fits under the .belly of the horse and is 

 supported by straps which pass over his back. This 

 answers the pnriiose admirably. The application of 

 it is certainly attended with some trouble, but I shall 

 continue to use it until I learn of something better. 



Mr. Engle supposed much must be left to the hu- 

 manity of man, in the treatment and protection of his 

 cattle. He was sure cows would thrive better and 

 give more milk when not worried ; and he would be 

 glad to hear of some genius supplying the needed pro- 

 tection spoken of by tlie essayist, and thought it would 

 pay well if a premium was ottered for such invention. 



Mr. Staufl'er ill formed the meeting that a patent had 

 been taken out foragausc covering for horses, which, 

 whilst it entirely enveloped him, gave him air and 

 freedom, so that this showed our inventative geniuses 

 had not been neglectful of this want. 



The State Agricultural Fair. 



A communication was presented by Johnson Miller, 

 chairman, urging the importance of an active, ener- 

 getic co-operation of the society in making the coming 

 State Fair a success, and suggesting that the usual 

 county fair be held, also. The President read, in ad- 

 dition to this communication, a preamble and scries 

 of resolutions, pledging the hearty and undivided sup- 

 port of the society to the State Fair, acknowledging 

 the honor conferred upon Lancaster by holding it 

 here, and providing for the appointment of a commit- 

 tee — consisting of five members from the city and one 

 from each tovvnship — whose duty it shall be to work 

 up an interest in the coming exhibition, gkther ma- 

 terial for the same, &e. 



Mr. McComsey was opposed to this Society holding 

 a County Fair, because he feared it might inter- 

 fere with the State Fair. It would certainly di- 

 vide the efforts of the agriculturists and horticultur- 

 ists, who went to no inconsiderable ex[>enditure of 

 time, labor and means to promote the success of these 

 exhibitions. He felt like seeing one grand, concen- 

 trated effort to make the State Fair a success, and to 

 encoragc the managers to hoKl the fair here again. 



Mr. Daniel Snieych, city, did not agree with .Mr. 

 McComsey. He could not see how a fruit show in the 

 i'all woulil interfere with the SI ale Fair. The fruit 

 wbicli would be ready for the fruit show — say early 

 In September— could not be kept until the later season 

 of the State Fair, and if not exhibited at a eounty 

 fair it could not be exhibited at all. He refcrrml par- 

 liculary to peaches, pears and the best varieties of 

 grapes. 



D. U. Swartz, esq., was also opposed to a county 

 fair. It had been some years since the State Fair had 

 been hclil in this eounty, and t he managers doubtless 

 had some cause for not holding it here. Perhaps they 

 had not been (iropeiiy encouraged. He believed in a 

 concentrated effort toward tlie accomplishment of 

 one object — the success of the State Fair, and, in 

 order to give it proper shape, he moved that this 

 society forego holding a fall exhibition this year. 



Mr. Stauller moved to amciul by adding that 

 " whereas, it had been ;)n)/;o.'«(nn this Society to hold 

 a fail exhibition, the Society resolved to forego the. 

 same, in order to give all the aid in their jxiwcr toward 

 making the Stale Fair a success." 



After some little discu.ssiou, .Mr. Swartz's motion, 

 as amended by .Mr. Stauffer, was ailoptcd, and the 

 resolutions were adopted, as a whole, as follows : 



Wheueas, The Pennsylvania State Agricultural 

 Society have determined to hold their State Fair at 

 Lancaster, in the autumn of IfT.i, an event to which 

 we look forward with unusual interest ; and • 



WiiEKKAS, It has hcreloforebceu customary forthc 

 society to hold its fair for two years hi the same place, 

 which, being observed iiLthis instance, will secure it 

 for our county during the approaehiug Centennial 



Year of .\merlcan Independence, an occurrence to bo 

 esteemed by us of the very highest imixirtancc ; thero- 

 Ibre, be it 



IliKob'ril, That the Agricultural and Horticultural 

 Society will use all their Influence and i'ni|iloy every 

 ellbrt, in their (Hiwer, In order to render the Stale Fair, 

 to be held In our midst, a great and triumphant suc- 

 cess. 



Itctolrnl, That every member of the Lancaster 

 County Agricultural and Horticultural Sociciv will 

 esteem 11 his duty to exhibit at the Fair anything that 

 may be of agricultural interest, and do all else in his 

 Iiower to prove that our county was worthy of tho 

 lioiior that has beiii conferred uiMin her In having been 

 selected as the place lor lioliling the Slate Fair at 

 the most lm|>ortant cikmIi in the history of our Com- 

 inonwealth and Nation. 



Ilisoheil, That we, the farmers and agriculturists 

 of Lancaster eounty. In due appreciation of the con- 

 sideration that has been shown us, will meet the ag- 

 riculturists of our State and country with anoiienand 

 hearty welcome, and we promise them kind and con- 

 siderate treatment of our whole eonimunity. 



/{cxoli'al, That we will endeavor to make our efforts 

 to promote the success of the Fair fittingly conqMirt, 

 to the best of our ability, with the tith- which com- 

 mon acquiescence has acconled our county in being 

 styled " The Oardrn of tlic Keyslotu." 



Unsolved, That In order to make the .State Fair a 

 complete? success, and that our elforts may the more 

 unitedly be directed thereto, we lori'go the lioldlngof 

 our usual annual county exhibition. 



lirsuh'uly That the President of the Lancaster Coun- 

 ty Agricultural and Horticultural Society shall ap- 

 point a County Committee of the friends of agricul- 

 ture, consisting of one from each district and Ave in 

 the City of Lancaster, whose special duty it shall Uo 

 to gather all matterof interest, co-operate with State 

 committees of like character, and exert their utmost 

 cllbrts to crown the State Fair, to be held amongst us, 

 as a brilliant triumph of agricultural display. 



litsoh'cd, That a copy of these resolutions be print- 

 ed in TiiE La ycASTEU Fa umer, and in the local pa|Mr8, 

 and that a copy be forwarded to the President of the 

 State Agricultural Society. 



Under the foregoing resolution, the President, John- 

 son Miller, has appointed the following 



COUNTy COMMITTEE. 



Adamstown . Abrahara Lutz. I l.«ucoek BenJ. Landis, 



Bart Uorvey B.'MiKlimun.| fS. S. Ratlivuu, 



Breckuoch John H. (iood. Wiu. L. Peiix-r. 



C;ininrvoii..Ge<>. W. Comptoii. Lanc'r City. Wui Mct'oinsey, 

 Cociilico Eiist-.Sulimfl Royer, I 



Cocjilico We.st -loel Wcist. 



Ooleraiu Rohf rt Hof^;;. 



Columbia.. , .C. S. RuutriliaD. 



Coiiestogu (^aaijer Ulllor. 



C'oiioy Johu M. Eugle. 



Clay Ab'm B. Suyder. 



DoueRal E..IIenry M. Eiiglo. 

 Duncf^al W... Jacob H. MuHHt»r. 

 Drui]ioru..Ja8. A. McPliernon. 



E|ibrata Dr. llerl/.. 



Kiirl Martin Hit zer. 



E.irl East Sam'l .S. Maiiiu. 



Earl West .Toel Wenper. 



Elizalieth Cieorgc Eontz. 



Elizab6thtowil..A*IdiKou Kby. 



Kdeu Rob't I^lontguuicry. 



Fulton.. . R. K. MeCiilluuuh. 

 Hclni'tield E. . JobuCiiiigricti. 

 Hi'mi'llclcl W .1. H. lIciBlKy 



I Henry BuliedJct, 

 L-J. M. W. (iiiiit, 



Leacock Up. ..Isaac BiiiihuuR. 



Little Britain . ..las. Eettinioii. 



MartiCk. ..Wm. K. Mct'reary. 



Manor.... Martin I). Kiiidig. 



Mt. .loy iKir. . ..John A. tlrier. 



Ml. Joy twp. Henry B. Iteiat. 



Mariitta li. H. Ktlla. 



Maiiheiiu bor..J M Kusiuingor 



Maiiheim twii .Kiih. Hrjover. 



Paradise. ..M. B. Gsldeinau, 



I'euu IsraPl (J. Erb, 



Pcqua J. L. Broiieniau. 



I'rovideuce . . . Hen j. F. Rowo. 



Ra)>llo M. L. Orcider, 



SaliHlmry (too. Kiiiztir. 



SadHtiury. ..William Briuton. 



.StraHbilrg l>or..H. Brarkliill. 



StraMbiirg iwiv .E. BrackblU. 



Lampeter E . . .Cidviii Coojut, , Warwick JoUliaoii Miller. 



Laliiia-tcr \V',.Alilo8 H. Myllli. '• WasLiugtou bor..J L SUuiimn 

 LancaatcT ti>..Jac. M. Frautz. I 



Mr. M. D. Kcndig, of Manor, was named by the 

 chair as essayist for the next meeting, but respect- 

 fully declined to serve. 



Among the qiuslions suggested for discussion at 

 the next meeting was this : What is the best means 

 of inducing young men to adopt the pursuit of 

 farming i 



President Engle suggested the question: "Would 

 It be advisable for Lancaster county fanners to en- 

 gage more extensively in dairying?" 



Mr. Swartz suggested the question of the artificial 

 hatching of chickens, and mentioned the fact that he 

 had recently been called uiKin by a man who had a 

 system or process for artifiiial hatching. He would 

 like to hear the practicability of the tiling discussed 

 by the members. 



.Mr. Enu'le remarked that the dlflleulty was not in 

 hatching them, but in taking care of them afler they 

 were hatiheii. If a man should take hold of it who 

 thorouirhly understood the process, a fortune couM 

 be (|uickly made, for he doubteil not that tons of 

 chickens would be wanted In Philadelphia during lliu 

 Centennial. 



Peter S. Heist said itiMiV/AMie a profitable business, 

 but he had found nothing more uneciiain than 

 "counting chickens before they were lialche^l." 



Mr. Staufier knew a goiKl deal alKiut the subject, 

 and was asked to prepare a pa[>er on it for the next 

 nii«ting, which he consented to do. 



Johnson Miller exhibited \\w s|)ccimcns of Ued 

 Mediterranean, Tapiihahannoek, Clawson's Winter, 

 Dulfry and Jennings while wheat, and Winter rye; 

 and Milton B. Kshlcman, csip, cxibiled a very fine 

 specinien of Potato oats. 



i)n inolioii. Society adjourned to meet on Monday, 

 Seiitember Ctli. 



