144 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



[September, 1875. 



Churning Butter. 



In this age of improvement no farmer who will 

 consult his own interests will ehurn his butter by 

 hand. About ten or twelve years ago I bought me a 

 dog-power and a good churn dog, paying *10 for the 

 dog and .?1G for the machine, making S26 for both. 

 The first season I churned a little over 3,000 pounds 

 of butter, and my dog more than paid for himself and 

 the dog-power. It is far cheaper for every farmer to 

 do his churning by some other means than by hand. 

 If the old way of churning is practiced, one generally 

 has to millv first ; by tliat time his breakfast is ready, 

 and by the time he gets ready to churn the atmos- 

 phere is warm, and the butter comes soft, and will 

 " run up hill on a shingle." My first business in the 

 morning is to set Rover churning, and by the time we 

 get the cows milked our butter has come in good 

 condition, and is ready to take out. Let any farmer 

 try one year with the dog-power, and if he goes back 

 to the old plan I would like to know it. — P. K. Mon- 

 tague, Chautauqua county, N. T. 



Household Recipes. 



Moths in Carpets : Moths will work in carpets 

 in rooms that are kept warm in the winter as well as 

 in the summer. A sure method of removing the pests 

 is to pour strong alum water on the floor to the dis- 

 tance of half a yard around the edges before laying 

 the carpets. Then once or twice during the season 

 sprinkle dry salt over the carpet before sweeping. In- 

 sects do not like salt, and sufficient adheres to the 

 carpet to prevent their alighting upon it. 



Improved Sandwiches : Boil a few pounds of 

 ham, and chop it very fine while it is yet warm— fat 

 and lean together — rub dry mustard in proportions to 

 suit your taste through the mass ; add as much 

 Bweet butter as would go to the spreading your sand- 

 wiches, and when it is thoroughly mixed, split light 

 biscuits in halves, and spread the ham between. 

 These can be eaten without trouble, and will be found 

 excellent. 



Spanish Pickles : One peck green tomatoes, 1 

 dozen onions ; slice, sprinkle with salt, and let stand 

 over night, and strain ofi" the juice. Allow 1 ft. sugar, 

 ]4 B>- whole white mustard seed, 1 oz. ground black 

 pepper, 1 oz. ginger, 1 oz. cloves, 1 oz. cinnamon; 

 mix dry ; put a layer of tomatoes and onions in a ket- 

 tle, and sprinkle with spice ; then tomatoes, and so on 

 until all are used ; cover with vinegar, and let boil 

 slowly two hours, after which pack in small jars and 

 set in the cellar. This is, of all pickles, the very best 

 — fine as an accompaniment of a dinner, or to be eaten 

 simply with bread and butter, and we advise every 

 housekeeper to try it. 



Delicious Rolls: Half a teacup of butter, mixed 

 well with one pound of flour, half teacup of yeast, a 

 little salt, and enough milk to make a good dough. 

 Let it set in a warm place for about two hours to 

 rise. Then make into rolls and bake in an oven. 



To Remove Mildew : Soak the part of the cloth 

 that is mildewed in two parts of chloride of lime to 

 four parts of water for four hours, or until the mil- 

 dew has entirely disappeared, then thoroughly rinse 

 It in clean water. 



Brighton Biscuit : One cup of butter, two of 

 sugar, two eggs, half a cup of milk, one teasjMon of 

 soda, and sufficient flour to roll out thick. Sift 

 granulated sugar over the top before baking, to give 

 them a sparkle. 



Glossed Shirt Bosoms : Take two ounces of 

 fine white gum arable powder, put it in a pitcher and 

 pour on a pint or more of water, and then, having 

 covered it, let it stand all night. In the niorning 

 pour it carefully from the dregs into a clean bottle, 

 cork, and keep it for use. A teaspoonful of gum 

 water stirred in a pint of starch , made in the usual way, 

 will give to lawns, white or printed, a look of new- 

 ness, when nothing else can restore them, after they 

 have been washed. 



A convenient method of preparing outdoor labels 

 for plants, capable of resisting weather, consists in 

 first cutting them out of smooth card or pasteboard 

 and writing upon them in ordinary inji whatever may 

 he desired. When this is dry they are immersed in 

 linseed oil, or what is better still, linseed-oil varnish, 

 until they are completely permeated by the liquid; 

 after which they arehungintheopenairupon threads 

 to dry; they become like iron, and resist wet for a long 

 time, and arc more durable than slips of metal. 



Coffee-Making : Scribner's Monthly gives the fol- 

 lowing: To each person allow a good tablespoonful of 

 coffee, and one or two extra "for the pot." Pour 

 boiling waler upon this, and boil for eight or otl- 

 minutes ; then have a beaten egg in a bowl of eon- 

 water; add this, and let it boil thoroughly for a mod 

 ment. Remove from the stove; add, if needed, more 

 water, and leave for a moment to settle,before serving. 



Fruit may be preserved with honey by putting the 

 fruit first in the can, then pour honey over it, and 

 seal air tight ; when tlie lioney is poured from the 

 fruit it will have the flavor and appearance of jelly, 

 making a delicious dessert. 



LIVE STOCK MISCELLANY. 



Rheumatism in Horses. 



Inflammation of the muscles and tendons in the 

 horse is much more common than is generally sup- 

 posed, and many obscure forms of lameness niay be 

 considered to belong to this disease. Very often a 

 horse, after a cold or wet day's work, comes out of 

 the stable " as stifi' as a poker," and scarcely able to 

 walk, upon which his master fancies he will be laid 

 up with severe lameness for some months ; but on 

 entcriog the stable next morning he is surprised to 

 find his horse is quite right again and fit for work. 

 The great peculiarity of these attacks of rheumatic 

 lameness is their liability to shift and change, the 

 horse on one day being lame in his near fore leg, and 

 perhaps on the next refusing to put his oft" hind foot 

 on the ground. But sometimes this disease is per- 

 sistent in one limb, though varying in degree ; and 

 here the horse always trots lame on one leg; at other 

 times both fore limbs may be efl'ccted, either in the 

 shoulder or in the feet, but the difficulty is to find 

 out the seat. If before, it is usually in the shoulder 

 or arm, and if behind, in the muscles of the hip. 

 Shoulder lameness, when presented, is often rheu- 

 matic, but in some cases it is the result of a strain ; 

 in either case, however, requiring the same treat- 

 ment. 



Lameness from rheumatism may almost always be 

 known by the horse lifting his leg, whether hind or 

 or fore, with difficulty; whereas in tlie disease of the 

 foot or the lower part of the leg, he lifts it readily 

 enough, but puts it down with great caution, and 

 flinches when it is on the ground. The toe is also 

 dragged on the ground in rheumatism, which causes 

 actual loss of action or power; whereas this dragging 

 is never seen in the fore foot from any other cause. 

 In the rheumatic hip the same kind of defective action 

 is seen, and the hind leg is not brought forward with 

 sufficient power or freedom. 



In every case the treatment consists in rubbing in a 

 stimulating liniment, such as the following: Cam- 

 phor, one ounce; oil of turpentine and spirit of wine, 

 of each, three ounces; mix, and ajjply a ix>rtion night 

 and morning; it should be rubbed in well with the 

 hand. The horse's general health should be attended 

 to, and his stomach set right by stomachic balls, if 

 necessary; or a fever ball and the following, given 

 every other night, will sometimes give relief : Nitrate 

 of potash, one ounce; camphor, one and a half 

 drachms; calomel and opium, of each, one scruple; 

 linseed meal and water, enough to form a ball. — 

 Prairie Farmer. 



Jersey Cattle. 



If the value of Jersey stock is to rest on color, de- 

 terioration will surely follow of those useful qualities 

 that are far more noticeable in the good old-fashioned 

 parti-colored cow, than that which will be found 

 among the generality of fine, high-bred, whole-colored 

 fawns, grays, or foxy, so-called Jersej's. I have 

 owned hundreds of acclimated Jersey stock, aad have 

 never, as a rule, found the whole-colored such large 

 producers as manj- parti-colored ones ; in fact, by far 

 the most butter-producing cow I have ever possessed, 

 was not only parti-colored, but the most ugly and 

 ungainly beast of the lot ; yet her stock have never 

 failed to show their large butter-making qualities. 

 The true type of a Jersey cow is, in fact, an animal 

 that will not make meat. I do not say that this is 

 not improved upon, by acclimatization and a sliglit 

 introduction of a hardier breed, of which what are 

 termed Chichester Jerseys are the best description ; 

 neither do I say that Jersey breeders in the island it- 

 self have not in some instances a breed that shows a 

 disposition to make some flesh, and very probably 

 may then be following up the requirements of fash- 

 ion, yet I maintain that a pure Jersey should throw 

 the bulk ol' her feeding properties into butter, and 

 with little to flesh. The parti-colored good cow may 

 have but a white spot, especially under the belly, but 

 througliout the body the rich, yellow skin, under any 

 colored hair, will be found, black, white, or fawn. I 

 have seen the commencement of a whole-colored herd, 

 the property of a noble duke, to obtain which I have 

 seen wealthy and large producing cows sold otf to 

 prevent an animal remaining with the slightest stain 

 of other than one color. I have heard from good au- 

 thority that usefulness has been sacrificed for fashion 

 in this instance, which, if followed up, as it rapidly 

 is, I have no doubt that the future rich Jersey will be 

 beef, not butter, as it was. — London Agricaltural 

 Gazette. 



Importation of Valuable Horses. 



M. W. Dunham, of Oaklawn Farm, Wayne, 111., 

 writes us that he has returned from Europe, where 

 he has been spending part of the summer, in selecting 

 horses to replenish his stud preparatory to the fall 

 and spring demand. He selected and imported thirty- 

 three stallions and mares, the largest importation 

 ever made to this country. They arc of the choicest 

 blood of France, selected from the best stud stahlcs 

 of the old district of I'erche, notable as the birth- 

 place of the famous Percheron race, with which we 

 have attained such grand results in producing valua- 

 ble horses by crossing upon our common mares. 



LITERARY NOTICES. 



Our table is fairly groaning under the weight of 

 such standard journals as the Ganlener'x Monthly 

 Gcrmantown Teler/raph, Xew York Semi- Weekly Tri- 

 bnne. Country Gentleman, American Agriculturist, 

 Natiotial Stock Journal, Sural New Yorker, Farmers' 

 Union, Masxacfmxetts Plouyhman, Fen and Plow, 

 Farmer's Friend, Colman's Mural ^Yor^d, Neia Eng- 

 land Homes, Hmiitarian, Laies of Life, Progressive 

 Farmer, Japanese Mail, London Agricultural Gazette, 

 Home, Farm and Orchard, Saturday Evening Post, 

 Peterson's Magazine, Prairie Farmer, American Gro- 

 cer, American Cabinet- Maker, Fanciers' Joxirnal, 

 American Farmer, Maryland Farmer, Bee Keeper's 

 Magazine, Ladies' Floral Cabinet, Rural Southern, 

 Southern Cultinator, The Fancier's Gazette, Poultry 

 Organ of Central New York, The Poultry Nation, 

 American Gai-den, besides many other shining lights 

 and we often regret that we are so limited in space as 

 to be unable tofransfermoreof their excellent matter 

 to our columns, for we feel that an epitome of their 

 contents would go far towards illuminating the world 

 on all subjects relating to the material condition of 

 the human race, worth knowing anything about. The 

 agricultural press of America is ail honor to the na- 

 tion, and ought to be amply sustained. 



Premiums, Rules and Regulations of the 

 Berks County Agricultural and Horticultural Soci- 

 ety, for its exhibition at Reading, on Tuesday, Wed- 

 nesday, Thursday and Friday, September tlie 14th, 

 15th, IfJth and 17th. This is a handsome octavo 

 pamphlet of 40 pages, and the most elaborate and 

 liberal in its details of any list of a similar character 

 that has ever come under our observation ; and, 

 although by the time our September number gets into 

 the hands of our subscribers, the fair will be in "full 

 blast," we cannot but admire the thorough going en- 

 terprise of our northern neighlror, and making a re- 

 cord of it. A striking and advanced feature, is its 

 recognition of Pisciculture, and its offering a liberal 

 premium for the " best display of fish." Cyrns T. 

 Fox, esq., is Secretary of the Society— " the right man 

 in the right place"— and we observe that on one of 

 the standing committees for 187.5 are ten ladies; and 

 we especially note this as an example for Lancaster 

 county. And to show that this is not merely an empty 

 compliment, over seventy premiums, from ^l to -$:>, 

 are offered for the best pickles, preserves, jellies, 

 canned fruits, &c. 



The Maryland Farmer : A monthly magazine, 

 devoted to agriculture, horticulture and rural 

 economy. Published by Ezra Whitman, 145 Pratt 

 street, Baltimore, Md., at $1.50 a year, in advance. 

 This is a royal octavo of 58 page's in covers. It is 

 hardly necessary for ns to say anything commenda- 

 tory of this excellent journal. Having almost attained 

 its twelfth year, its character may be considered es- 

 tablished. The August number" on our table con- 

 tains over fifty practical articles on Agriculture, Hor- 

 ticulture, Live Stock, the Dairy, Apiary, Ladies' De- 

 partment and Miscellany, all productions of unusual 

 ability, and the paper and typographical execution 

 are ne plus ultra. 



We are in receipt of a copy of the regular semi- 

 annual extra edition of the Ameuioan Grocer, a 

 33 page trade journal, published weekly at 141 Cham- 

 bers street. New York, for -$4.00 a year. The Amer- 

 ican Gkoceu has won a deservedly high place among 

 commercial papers by the fullness and accuracy of 

 its market reports and prices current, embracing all 

 kinds of merchandise and country produce, as well 

 as for its bold and successful advocacy of trade re- 

 forms in the interest of honesty and fair dealing 

 among merchants. It is proving an invaluable assist- 

 ant to dealers throughout the country in giving them 

 information concerning qualities and prices of goods. 



Farmers' Stock Journal: Devoted to the devel- 

 opment of Agricultural Kcsourcesof the Great VV'est, 

 and advocating the breeding and improvement of the 

 stock, whether in Ininds of breeder or farmers. Pub- 

 lished monthly by Alex. Charles, Cedar Rapibs, 

 Iowa. This is similar in size and quality to the pre- 

 eceding, but covers a different ground. The quality 

 of its paper, and its illustrations, are above the usual 

 average. $1.00 a year in advance. 



The Canada Farmer, a royal 4-to. of twenty 

 pages, published by the Globe Printing Company, at 

 Toronto, Canada. This is an illustrated journal of 

 rare value, and at the low price of .$1.00 a year. No 

 district ol' country anywhere possesses a more able 

 representative of its various agricultural and econo- 

 mical interests. " May its shadow never grow less." 



The Western Farmer, same size and price as 

 the two foregoing, edited and published by W. M. 

 Kennedy, Dixon, Illinois. The avowed representa- 

 tive of " progress with prudence, practice with sci- 

 ence," a cabalistic combination that must ultimately 

 succeed. 



The Health Reformer : A monthly journal for 

 the houseliold, devoted to physical, mental and 

 moral culture ; with the motto, " Nature's laws, 

 God's laws, obey and live." A royal octavo maga- 

 zine of .'Ki pages. Published by the Health-Keforra 

 Institute, Battle Creek, Michigan. Terms, $1.00 a 

 year, in advance. 



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