fail and die, in others they have recovered. This indicates that though 

 the wood decay may have contributed to the effect, it is not the only, 

 nor indeed the chief cause. 



The accompanying photograph (plate 1) illustrates the injury done 

 hy the cutting off of a large branch. 



Note in the subjoined figure the large wound which could not heal 

 over, and which allowed a large amount of wood to dry out. Note also 



PLATE 1. VINE INJURED BY HEAVY PRUNING WITHOUT 

 PROTECTION TO WOUND. 



the hole made by a boring insect, which allowed the entrance of moisture 

 and of white ants, and thus favored the growth of wood-rot fungi. The 

 stem of this vine was found, on being split, to be quite hollow nearly 

 down to the surface of the ground. For the general appearance of vines 

 of this kind see the frontispiece, which is taken from a photograph of 

 one of the vines as it appeared in 1900. Note the contrast with the 

 perfectly healthy appearance of the neighboring vine. 



Nature of Soil. Nearly, if not quite, all the cases occurred in grav- 

 elly soil, and the more gravelly the soil the more numerous and serious 



