96 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT STATION. 



the kind planted, or an overproduction, it is always possible to graft the 

 stocks with other varieties of resistants to meet the changed conditions. 



For the best results the land should be given the same careful 

 preparation recommended for the planting of grafts. (See page 93.) 

 All the usual stocks are vigorous growers, and as they are planted in 

 fertile soil they should be given plenty of space. A distance of 9 feet 

 by 9 feet or 8 feet by 10 feet is quite close enough. This will give about 

 500 vines to the acre. As a good vine properly cared for should produce 

 150 feet of good wood for bench grafting, the product of an acre would 

 be about 75,000 cuttings. 



The varieties of resistant stocks which will in all probability be most 

 used in California are Rupestris St. George (du Lot), Riparia X Rupes- 

 tris 3306, Riparia X Rupestris 3309, Riparia Solonis 16.16, Mourvedre 

 X Rupestris 1202, Aramon X Rupestris 2, Riparia gloire, and Riparia 

 grande glabre. These are all varieties which have given excellent 

 results for years in Europe, and have all been tested successfully in 

 California. Among them are varieties suitable for nearly all the 

 vineyard soils of California, with perhaps the exception of some of 

 the heavier clays. 



The only one of these varieties which has been planted extensively 

 in California is the Rupestris St. George. There can be little doubt, 

 however, that it will fail to give satisfaction in many soils, and though 

 we may not find something better for all our soils it is probable that we 

 will repeat the experience of Southern France and find that in most 

 soils there is some other variety that gives better results. Without 

 attempting to describe these varieties, but to give some idea of their 

 merits and defects and of' the soils most suited to each, the following 

 indications are given, based principally on the opinions of L. Ravaz 

 and Prosper Gervais, and on a still limited experience in California : 



The Rupestris St. George is remarkably vigorous and grows very 

 large, supporting the graft well even without stakes. It roots easily 

 and makes excellent unions with most vinifera varieties. It is well 

 suited to deep soils where its roots can penetrate. Its defects are that 

 it is very subject to root-rot, especially in moist soils; it suckers badly 

 and it suffers from drought in shallow soils. Its great vigor produces 

 coulure with some varieties and often necessitates long pruning. 



In moist or wet soils 1616 or 3306 have given better results in France 

 and give indications of doing equally well here. In drier soils 3309 will 

 probably be found preferable. 



Aramon Rupestris No. 2 is suited to the same soils as Rupestris 

 St. George, and does particularly well in extremely gravelly soils. It 

 has some of the defects of the St. George and is moreover more difficult 

 to graft, and its only advantage in California is that it is rather less 

 susceptible to root-rot. 



