128 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT STATION. 



Conservation and Shipping. Rooted vines require much more care 

 than cuttings, as they are more easily damaged. They are especially 

 liable to injury by drying-out. Grafts are even more sensitive. They 

 should be kept in a cool, moist place until they are shipped or planted. 

 A good way is to heel them in under an open shed or on the north 

 side of a building in sand or loam where there is no danger of their 

 getting too wet. If it is necessary to heel them' in out in the open 

 field they should be protected from the sun by placing over them a 

 bed of straw at least 2 feet thick. 



Nursery Grafting. Certain varieties of stocks, such as Lenoir and 

 some of the Berlandieri and ^Estivalis hybrids which root with 

 difficulty, do not give good results with cutting grafting and must be 

 rooted first, as already described on page 112. If they have made a 

 good stand in the nursery and there are not too many vacant spaces, 

 they may be grafted without removal. This is known as "nursery 

 grafting." Cuttings under % i ncn i n diameter of other varieties 

 may also be rooted in the nursery and grafted the next year without 

 removal. 



Either the tongue graft or the wire graft may be used. If the 

 vines have made a large growth and are over y 2 i ncn i n diameter it is 

 better to use one of the methods described on page 137. (See Fig. 26.) 



The tongue graft is difficult to make in the nursery and the tying 

 is particularly troublesome. Good results can be obtained often by 

 omitting the tying, but the scions send out large numbers of roots. 

 The wire method is particularly well suited to nursery grafting, is 

 very easily performed, and gives excellent results. Over 90 per cent 

 of first-class unions should be obtained. 



The grafting should be done as near the surface of the ground as 

 possible. The soil is first hoed away and carefully cleaned off the 

 vines, leaving them in a little trench 3 or 4 inches deep. They are 

 then cut of? with pruning shears just below the bud of the original 

 cutting which is nearest to the surface. The grafting is then done 

 in the same way as already described for cutting grafts. The same 

 care in cultivation, removal of suckers, scion roots, and tying material 

 is necessary. 



Grafts made in this way are very large and vigorous and will give 

 good results if handled properly in the vineyard. There are the same 

 objections to them as to any very large plants, however. They are 

 more liable to injury than smaller plants in removal from the nursery, 

 require more care in planting, and are more liable to suffer from 

 the difference of conditions between the nursery and the vineyard. 



