RESISTANT VINEYARDS GRAFTING, PLANTING, CULTIVATION. 141 



Instead of regrafting below the ground the second year a stock 

 which has failed, a couple of suckers may be allowed to grow during 

 the summer of the year the grafting is done, and these suckers may 

 be green grafted above ground the same or the following summer. 

 When done successfully the unions are so perfect that the passage 

 of sap from stock to scion is sufficiently free not to force the strong 

 growth of shoots from the stock which occurs when we regraft on 

 new wood in the usual way when the vine is dormant. 



Figs. 28 and 29 show two forms of herbaceous grafting which have 

 been successfully practised in California. Fig. 29 is simply the- 



FIG. 29. Herbaceous bud. 



ordinary T bud used by nurserymen on fruit trees. Fig. 28 is a 

 tongue graft similar to that already described, but made with great 

 care to obtain a perfect fit. 



For successful green grafting the wood of both stock and scion 

 must be in just the right condition of maturity. If the grafting is 

 done too early the tissues are too soft and brittle, dry out too easily, 

 and few of the grafts grow. If done too late the buds can not be 

 inserted properly and the grafts have not time to make a complete 

 union. 



The following extracts from a letter kindly written by Mr. Thomas 

 Casalegna, of San Martin, Santa Clara County, gives some very valuable 

 hints regarding the herbaceous budding and grafting of vines : 



"1. All buds put in from July 15 to August 15 start the same year r 



