210 Population of Great Britain. 



manufacturers, and received a small increase in its agricu 

 population. Inverness presents also an instance of considerable 

 declensions in its agricultural and manufacturing members ; and 

 an increment equal to both the preceding decrements, to its unpro- 

 ductive families. A similar remark applies also to Dumbarton and 

 Lanark. The declension of the manufacturing families in Renfrew, 

 and their probable change into the unproductive class, likewise 

 merits attention. 



By an inspection of this part of the table, it appears that the ag- 

 gregate of the increments for agriculture, amounts to 1437 ; whereas 

 that of trade and manufactures is 10,658, the latter exceeding the 

 former in a greater ratio than that of 7 to 1. The aggregate of the 

 decrements of agriculture amounts also to 9,143, and that of trade 

 only to 4,564 ; the former exceeding the latter in the ratio of 2 to 1. 



ART. III. On the Herring. By J. Mac Culloch, M.D., F.R.S. 



THE natural history of the animals useful to man, is not 

 merely an amusing pursuit, but forms one of the most valuable 

 branches of this department of knowledge. Yet it has been the 

 blame of naturalists to have too much neglected this branch of their 

 science, in their attention to classification and nomenclature. If 

 there are not many of the wild or still undomesticated animals 

 from a knowledge of whose habits we might derive advantage, 

 there are still some that are loudly calling for this kind of investi- 

 gation. From the state of ignorance that we are still in respecting 

 these, we are not only forfeiting advantages which we might se- 

 cure, but are also subject to serious losses and frequent disap- 

 pointments. 



This is peculiarly true of the herring. The following remarks 

 will show, not only what advantages we might derive from an ac- 

 curate acquaintance with the natural history of this fish, or with 

 what may be called its moral and political history, but demon- 

 strate the heavy losses in a commercial view, which have been the 

 conseauence, not merely of this ignorance, but of false theories on 



