180 UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN STUDIES 



CERTIFIED MILK 



Certified Milk was first introduced in Newark, N. J., orig- 

 inating with Dr. Coit. Gradually other communities adopted 

 this system of producing safe raw milk, and it was finally in- 

 troduced into Chicago in 1909. At this time the Chicago Medi- 

 cal Society appointed a Medical Milk Commission to certify 

 the milk from certain farms. At the present time eight dif- 

 ferent farms are sending Certified Milk to Chicago, four 

 located in the northern part of Illinois and four in the south- 

 ern part of Wisconsin. 



MILK INSPECTION 



From 1890 to 1900 great stress was laid on the fat side of 

 milk. From 1900 to the present time, the pressure which 

 has been brought to bear by the health authorities has been 

 largely from a sanitary standpoint. About 1908-1909 a milk 

 ordinance was drawn up, which required the pasteurization 

 of milk or the tuberculin testing of all cows producing the 

 milk. The tuberculin test was not or could not be enforced, 

 which made pasteurization obligatory, inasmuch as this part 

 of the ordinance could be enforced. Chicago was the first city 

 of any size in America to demand pasteurization of market 

 milk. 



No systematic sanitary inspection of farms was established 

 until 1910. In 1909 the state legislature passed a law provid- 

 ing that in determining the qualit}^ of milk nothing should 

 be taken into consideration except the result of the analysis 

 of the milk in the can, which no doubt was a blow to farm in- 

 spection. This law was repealed in 1915. The Commissioner 

 of Health has general supervision of the milk inspection. 

 There is also a Chief Food Inspector working under the direc- 

 tion of the Commissioner of Health, and he in turn has super- 

 visors to carry out his orders. 



The entire dairy district is divided into fifteen inspection 

 districts, each with one inspector. Three inspections per year 

 per farm are the maximum requirements. If a farmer is 

 found below standard on the first inspection, a re-inspection 



