212 



GROWTH AND WORK OF PLANTS 



It is a drupelet (little drupe) . All of the drupelets together make 

 the " berry," and as they ripen the separate drupelets cohere more 

 or less. It is a collection, or aggregation, of fruits, and conse- 

 quently they are sometimes 

 called collective fruits or aggre- 

 gate fruits. In the raspberry 

 the fruit separates from the 

 receptacle, leaving the latter 

 on the stem, while the drupe- 

 lets of the blackberry and 

 dewberry adhere to the recep- 



Fig. 166. 

 Fruit of tomato, a berry. 



tacle and the latter separates 

 from the stem. 



338. The berry. In the 

 true berry both exocarp and endocarp are fleshy or juicy. 

 Good examples are found in cranberries, huckleberries, currants, 

 snowberries, tomatoes, etc. The calyx and wall of the pistil are 

 adnate, and in fruit become fleshy so that the seeds are im- 

 bedded in the pulpy juice. 

 The seeds themselves are 

 more or less stony. In the 

 case of berries, as well as in 

 strawberries, raspberries, and 

 blackberries, the fruits are 

 eagerly sought by birds and 

 other animals for food. The 

 seeds being hard are not 

 digested but are passed 

 with the other animal excre- 

 ment and thus gain dispersal. 

 339. Reinforced, or ac- 

 cessory, fruits. When the 

 receptacle is grown to the peri- 

 carp in fruit, the fruit is said to be reinforced. The receptacle may 

 enclose the pericarp, or the latter may be seated upon the recepta- 

 cle. The following are some of the types of fleshy reinforced fruits. 



Fig. 167. 

 Section of tomato fruit. 



