Darlingtonia. SARRACENIACE^E. 17 



2. NUPHAR, Smith. YELLOW POND-LILY. 



Sepals 5 to 12, thick, roundish, persistent, free, colored (generally yellow) within, 

 partly green outside. Petals and stamens short and numerous, hypogynous, densely 

 crowded around the ovary, at length recurving, persistent ; the former sometimes 

 resembling sterile stamens, sometimes more dilated and conspicuous, but always 

 small. Filament very short : anther truncate at apex, the two linear cells adnate, 

 introrse. Ovary oblong or ovate, 8 - 20-celled, its truncate top occupied by the 

 8 - 20-radiate stigma, ripening (usually above water) into an ovoid or flask-shaped 

 indehiscent fruit with a firm rind and a fleshy or pulpy interior ; the cells many- 

 seeded. ]S T o arillus to the oval seeds. Herbs of shallow waters (4 or 5 species of 

 the northern temperate zone), sending up large and mostly rather leathery cordate 

 leaves (either upright or floating) and stout 1 -flowered peduncles from a long and 

 thick trunk-like creeping rootstock in the mud beneath : flowering all summer. 



1. N. polysepalum, Engelm. Larger than the Atlantic N. advena : leaves 6 

 to 12 inches long and three fourths as wide, rounded above, deeply cordate at base : 

 sepals 8 to 12 : petals 12 to 18, dilated and unlike the stamens, yellow, often tinged 

 with red : fruit globular, 2 inches long or less. Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii. 282. 

 N. advena, Ne wherry in Pacif. R. Rep. vi. 67. 



Rare south of Alt. Shasta, more abundant thence to British Columbia and east to and beyond 

 the Rocky Mountains. Klamath Marsh is half covered with the floating leaves, and the large 

 seeds form an important ai-ticle of food among the Indians, who collect great quantities for winter 

 use. "The seed tastes like that of Broom-Corn, and is apparently very nutritious." This 

 species has the largest fruit and flowers of any of the genus, some of the flowers being 5 inches in 

 diameter and borne on scapes 1 or 2 feet high. The leaves are floating if there be sufficient water, 

 otherwise erect. 



ORDER IV. SARRACENIACE^J. 



Bog-plants with pitcher-shaped or tubular and hooded leaves, and perfect polyan- 

 drous hypogynous flowers, the persistent sepals, petals, and cells of the ovary each 

 5 (with one exception). Fruit a many-seeded capsule. Embryo small in fleshy 

 albumen. Represented in the Atlantic United States by several species of Sarra- 

 cenia, in the mountains of Guiana by the little-known apetalous Heliamphora, in 

 California by the peculiar genus, 



1. DARLINGTONIA, Torr. 



Calyx without bracts, of 5 imbricated narrowly oblong sepals, persistent. Petals 

 5, ovate-oblong, erect, with a small ovate tip answering to the blade, and a larger 

 oblong lower portion answering to the claw. Stamens 12 to 15 in a single row : 

 filaments subulate: anthers oblong, of two unequal cells, turned edgewise by a 

 twisting of the filament, so that the smaller cell faces the ovary. Ovary somewhat 

 top-shaped, the broad summit being truncate or concave and abruptly dilated, 

 higher than the stamens, 5-celled ; the cells opposite the petals : style short, 5- 

 lobed ; the lobes short-linear or club-shaped, recurving : stigmas thickish, introrsely 

 terminal. Capsule loculicidally 5-valved. Seeds very numerous, obovate-clavate, 

 thickly beset with soft slender projections. A single species. 



1. D. Californica, Torr. A perennial herb, of greenish yellow hue, with long 

 and rather slender horizontal rootstocks clothed with the bases of older decayed 



