172 ROSACES. Rubus. 



brown and shreddy : leaves palmately and nearly equally 5-lobed, cordate at base, 

 unequally serrate, 4 to 12 inches broad, the lobes acute or acuminate, glabrous or 

 somewhat tomentose, the veins beneath as well as the petioles and peduncles usually 

 more or less hispid with gland-tipped hairs ; stipules lanceolate, acuminate : flowers 

 rather few, white, an inch or two broad : calyx densely tomentose : carpels very 

 numerous, tomentose : fruit red, large, hemispherical, sweet and pleasantly flavored. 

 -Lindl. Bot. Ueg. t. 1368 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3453. 



Var. velutinus, Brewer. Densely tomentose, especially on the under side of 

 the leaves. R. velutinus, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, 140. 



In shaded places from Monterey to Alaska, and eastward to New Mexico and Lake Superior. 

 The variety is confined chiefly to California. The species differs little from the R. odoratus of 

 the Atlantic States, which has purplish rose-colored petals, more abundant glandular hairs, the 

 lobes of the leaves usually more acuminate, and the fruit smaller. The flowers in R. Nutkanus 

 are occasionally pale rose-color. 



* Leaves 3-foliolate, sometimes simple on the flowering branches, rarely 5-foliolate : 

 stems soft-woody, more or less prickly. 



2. R. spectabilis, Pursh. Stems rather robust, 5 to 10 feet high, sparingly 

 armed with straight stout prickles : leaves 3-foliolate, or occasionally some simple ; 

 leaflets ovate, acute or acuminate, doubly incised-serrate and often 2 - 3-lobed, acute 

 or acuminate, the veins beneath, as well as the petioles and peduncles, sparingly 

 villous-pubescent ; stipules linear : flowers mostly solitary, red, large and showy : 

 calyx-lobes pubescent, broadly ovate, acuminate : fruit large, ovoid, red or yellow, 

 smooth : styles long, persistent. Fl. i. 348, t. 16 ; Lindl. Bot. Eeg. t. 1424. 



Var. Menziesii, Watson. More or less densely tomentose and silky. R. Men- 

 ziesii, Hook. Fl. i. 141. 



Shady woods, near streams, from Mendocino County (Bolandcr) to Alaska. The variety near 

 San Francisco and northward ; Punta de los Reyes (Biyelow) ; Saucelito Hills (Kellogcj & Harford) ; 

 Crater Pass, Oregon, Andrews, &c. 



3. R. leucodermis, Dougl. Erect, 3 to 5 feet high, glaucous, armed with 

 stout straight or recurved prickles : leaves 3-foliolate, or sometimes pedately 5-folio- 

 late, never simple ; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, doubly serrate, white- 

 tomentose beneath, the veins, petioles, and peduncles prickly ; stipules setaceous : 

 flowers few, corymbose, white, half an inch broad : sepals lanceolate, long-acuminate, 

 exceeding the petals : ovaries tomentose : fruit yellowish-red, rather large, with a 

 white bloom and agreeable flavor. Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 454 ; Regel, Gartenfl. xix. 

 353, t. 670. R. glaucifolius, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. i. 67. 



In the Redwoods between Santa Clara and Santa Cruz (Bolander) ; Upper Yosemite Valley 

 (Gray) ; more frequent in Oregon and Washington Territory. Also in N. Utah ( J^atso-n), and 

 in the San Francisco Mountains, Arizona, Biyelow. Very near the Black Raspberry or Thimble- 

 berry (R. occidcntalis, Linn.) of the Eastern States, from which it is hardly distinguished by 

 rather more coarsely toothed leaflets, stouter and more hooked prickles, and the color of the fruit. 



* % * Stems herbaceous, trailing, unarmed : leaves 3-foliolate : the carpels few. 



4. R. pedatus, Smith. Stems slender, pubescent : leaves smooth or sparingly 

 villous ; leaflets cuneate-obovate, an inch long or less, incisely toothed, the lateral 

 ones often parted to the base ; stipules ovate-oblong : flowers often solitary, on long 

 slender peduncles, white, 6 to 9 lines broad : sepals ovate-lanceolate, nearly glabrous, 

 entire or incised, exceeding the petals, at length reflexed : fruit of 3 to 6 large red 

 pulpy drupelets. Icon. PI. t. 63 ; Hook. Fl. i. 181, t. 62. 



In woods, near the coast above San Francisco (Newbcrry), and northward to Alaska. 



2. Fruit persistent upon the. somewhat juicy receptacle, black and shining : stems 

 prickly : flowers white. BLACKBERRY. 



5. R. ursinus, Cham. & Schlecht. Stems becoming woody, weak or trailing, 5 

 to 20 feet long, sending out numerous lateral fruiting branches, armed with straight 



