176 ROSACES. Geum. 



flowers few, an inch or more in diameter : calyx-lobes ovate, 3 or 4 lines long, the 

 apex linear or trifid ; bractlets linear, entire or bifid or 2-parted : akenes very 

 numerous, 1| lines long, the slender plumose tail an inch or two long. Torrey in 

 Emory Rep. 140, t. 2. Sieversia paradoxa, Don, 1. c. 575, t. 22. 



Providence Mountains (Cooper) and eastward to S. Utah and the Rio Grande ; also Mexican. 



12. GEUM, Linn. 



^ 



Calyx persistent, concave ; limb 5-lobed, usually with 5 alternate bractlets, val- 

 vate. Petals 5. Stamens many. Carpels numerous, upon a conical or clavate 

 receptacle : style terminal, straight or geniculate : stigma small : ovules solitary, 

 ascending. Akenes small, compressed, caudate with the elongated naked or plumose 

 styles. Seed erect : radicle inferior. Perennial herbs ; leaves mostly radical, 

 lyrate or pinnate ; stipules adnate to the sheathing petioles ; flowers rather large, 

 solitary or corymbose. 



About 30 species, distributed through the temperate and frigid zones. A dozen species occur 

 in the United States, several of them found also in N. Asia and Europe or closely allied to Old 

 World species. 



1. Styles jointed and bent near the middle, the upper part deciduous, the lower 

 naked and hooked, becoming elongated: calyx-lobes re flexed. GEUM proper. 



1. Cr. macrophyllum, Willd. A coarse herb : stems mostly solitary, 1 to 3 

 feet high, bristly-hairy, leafy : radical leaves lyrate and interruptedly pinnate, six 

 inches to a foot long or more, the terminal leaflet very large and round-cordate, 

 lobed and toothed, the lateral very unequal and often very small ; cauline leaves 

 similar but with a short rhachis, or reduced to the terminal leaflet ; stipules large, 

 toothed : flowers yellow, half an inch broad, in an open panicle : bractlets of the 

 calyx small and often wanting : fruit hispid, upon a nearly naked oblong receptacle : 

 styles 3 lines long, at length reflexed. 



In the Sierra Nevada, on the eastern side ; Mono Pass (Bolandcr), Sierra Co. (Lcmmon), north 

 of Lassen's Peak (Newbcrry), and northward to Sitka, ranging east to the Atlantic. 



2. Style straight, not jointed, and wholly persistent, naked or plumose, elongated : 

 calyx-lobes not reflexed. SIEVERSIA. 



2. Gr. triflorum, Pursh. Low, villous ; stems clustered, from stout branching 

 rootstocks, 6 to 15 inches high, simple, nearly naked : radical leaves pinnate some- 

 what interruptedly with numerous cuneate-oblong incised segments ; the cauline 

 reduced to a few small linear-lobed leaves or bracts : flowers large, few, on long 

 peduncles : calyx often purplish, as well as the upper part of the stem, the linear 

 bractlets 4 to 9 lines long, usually exceeding the lobes and equalling the oblong 

 purplish erect petals : tails of the small akenes plumose, at length 2 or 3 inches 

 long : receptacle small, hemispherical. Sieversia triflora, R. Br. ; Hook. Bot. Mag. 

 t. 2858.' 



In the Sierra Nevada at 4,000 to 9,000 feet altitude (Brewer, Bolandcr), and in the mountains 

 north and eastward, to Arctic America and Labrador. 



13. FRAGARIA, Tourn. STRAWBERRY. 



Calyx persistent, concave ; limb 5-lobed, with 5 alternate bractlets, valvate. 

 Petals 5, white, spreading. Stamens many, in one row. Carpels numerous, smooth : 

 styles lateral, very short : ovule solitary, ascending. Receptacle much enlarged and 

 fleshy in fruit, conical, scarlet, bearing the small turgid crustaceous akenes upon the 

 surface. Radicle superior. Acaulescent stoloniferous perennials; leaves palmately 



