216 ONAGRACEJ3. 



stamens 4 : carpels nearly smooth, less rounded. Ton. & Gray, Fl. i. 530. M. 

 scabratum, Cham. & Schlecht. in Linnrea, iv. 506, not of Michx. 



Collected in Oregon (Nuttall, Hall), and reported as from near San Francisco, without fruit, 

 Chamisso. 



ORDER . XXXIX. ONAGRACE.SI. 



Herbs (or in warmer regions one or two genera of Tshrubs), with perfect symmet- 

 rical flowers, the parts of which are most commonly in fours, the calyx-tube adnate 

 to the ovary and its (often colored) lobes valvate in the bud, the petals borne on its 

 throat or at the sinuses and convolute in the bud, the cells of the ovary usually 

 of the same number, and the stamens as many or twice as many. Style always 

 single : stigma of as many lobes as cells to the ovary, or capitate. Seeds anatropous, 

 filled by the embryo : no albumen. Leaves simple, but sometimes lobed or divided, 

 either alternate or opposite : no stipules. Flowers often showy. 



An order of over 300 species, widely distributed over the world, but for the larger part Ameri- 

 can, especially N. American and Mexican, inert, and of no economical importance except in orna- 

 mental cultivation, and that the large fleshy seeds of Trapa or Water Caltrops in the Old World 

 are eaten as nuts. 



FUCHSIA, Linn., the principal shrubby or arborescent genus, of the Mexican and S. American 

 Andes, well marked by the brightly colored calyx, long and straight stamens and style, opposite 

 leaves, and a berry for fruit, is too familiar in ornamental cultivation to be overlooked. 



TRIBE I. JUSSIE^E. Limb of the calyx divided quite down to the ovary, and persistent on 

 the many-seeded capsule. Seeds naked. 



1. Jussiaea. Petals 4 to 6. Stamens twice as many. Capsule elongated. 



2. Ludwigia. Petals 4 or none. Stamens 4. Capsule short. 



TRIBE II. ONAGRE^E. Limb, with the free tube of the calyx when there is any, deciduous 

 from the ovary or capsule ; the latter loculicidal, many-seeded, or the cells rarely only 

 several-seeded. Parts of the flower in fours. 



* Seeds comose at the apex : stamens 8 : lower leaves often opposite. 



3. Zauschneria. Calyx-tube continued much beyond the ovary, funnelform. 



4. Epilobium. Calyx 4-parted nearly down to the ovary, or with a short and campanulate 



tube beyond it. 



* * Seeds naked (not comose) : leaves all alternate. 



+- Anthers attached near the middle and versatile : petals generally yellow or white or sometimes 



changing to rose-color. 



5. Gayophytum. Calyx-tube not produced beyond the ovary ; this and the membranaceous 



capsule only 2-celled. The stamens opposite the petals usually sterile. Slender and 

 very small-flowered annuals. 



6. Eulobus. Calyx-tube hardly at all produced beyond the ovary. Stamens opposite the 



petals shorter and with rounded anthers. Capsule long-linear, straight, refracted. 

 Annual. 



7. CEnothera. Calyx produced beyond the ovary into a linear or obconical tube. Anthers all 



uniform. Petals without claws. 



+ + Anthers attached at or near the base, remaining erect ; those opposite the petals much 

 shorter, or sterile, or rarely wanting : petals never yellow : annuals. 



8. Godetia. Calyx-tube above the ovary obconical ; its lobes reflexed. Petals sessile, entire, 



rarely 2-lobed. Capsule coriaceous. Seeds numerous, angled or margined. 



9. Clarkia. Calyx-tube above the ovary obconical ; its lobes reflexed. Petals with claws, 



either lobed or entire : the stamens opposite them often sterile. Capsule coriaceous. 



10. Eucharidium. Calyx-tube above the ovary filiform ; the lobes reflexed. Petals with claws, 



lobed ; the stamens opposite them wanting. Capsule coriaceous. 



11. Boisduvalia. Calyx-tube above the ovary obconical ; its lobes erect. Petals sessile, 2-lobed. 



Capsule membranaceous ; the (sells few-seeded. Seeds smooth. 



