Sanicula. UMBELLIFEILE. 255 



2. BOWLESIA, Ruiz & Pavon. 



Calyx-teeth rather prominent. Petals elliptical, obtusish. Fruit broadly ovate 

 in outline, with a narrow commissure, turgid, becoming depressed on the back, 

 without ribs or oil-tubes. Seed flat on the face, slightly hollowed on the back, not 

 filling the calyx. Slender herbs, with scattered stellate pubescence ; leaves oppo- 

 site, simple, with scarious and lacerate stipules ; flowers white, minute, in simple 

 few-flowered umbels on axillary peduncles. 



A dozen species, chiefly South American, one ranging northward to Mexico, Arizona, and 

 California. 



1. B. lobata, Ruiz & Pavon. Annual, weak and slender, thinly pubescent, the 

 stems dichotomously branched, a foot or two long : leaves thin, reniforrn to cordate, 

 ^ to 1| inches broad, shorter than the slender petioles, deeply 5-lobed, the acutish 

 lobes entire or 1 2-toothed: peduncles much shorter than the petioles; the umbels 

 1 4-flowered : fruit a line long, sessile or nearly so, pubescent, the inflated calyx 

 not adherent to the carpels, which are at first but partially occupied by the seed. 

 Fl. Peruv. iii. 28, t. 251 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 601. 



In damp shady places, from the Sacramento Valley southward, rather rare. The species 

 doubtless includes JS. tenera, Sprengel. 



3. ERYNGIUM, Toura. BUTTON SNAKEROOT. 



Calyx-teeth manifest, rigid and persistent. Fruit ovoid or obovoid, scarcely coin- 

 pressed, covered with hyaline scales or vesicles ; the ribs obsolete, and oil-tubes (in 

 our species) wanting ; carpels and seeds semi-terete. Herbs, chiefly perennial ; 

 leaves rigid, coriaceous, spinosely toothed or divided ; flowers white or blue, sessile 

 in dense heads, bracteate, the outer bracts forming an involucre. 



A genus of 100 or more species, of the warm and temperate regions of the globe. The 15 to 

 18 American species are mostly confined to the Southern Atlantic and Gulf States. 



1. E. petiolatum, Hook. Erect, 1 to 5 feet high, dichotomously branched 

 above, glaucous : radical leaves oblanceolate, spinosely and unequally serrate, atten- 

 uate into an elongated^ fistulous petiole, the cauline mostly sessile : heads globose, 

 half an inch in diameter, peduncled ; bracts linear-lanceolate, spinosely tipped, at 

 least the outer ones much exceeding the bluish flowers : calyx-teeth a line long, 

 exceeding the fruit, which is covered with subulate at length rigid scales'. Fl. i. 

 250; Torrey, Bot. Wilkes Exp. 315. E. articulatnm, Hook, in Lond. Jour. Bot. 

 vi. 232. 



Var. armatuni, Watson. Bracts broader, entire, all similar and much exceed- 

 ing the flowers, scarcely dilated at base, rigid and with a thickened margin : style 

 shorter than the calyx : usually less glaucous. 



In marshes from San Diego to the Columbia ; or in drier places, a dwarf state but 2 or 3 

 inches high. The submerged leaves consist only of the terete jointed petiole without lamina. 

 The usual form has the bracts more or less toothed, the inner ones but little exceeding the flowers 

 or rarely as long as the outer ones, the styles exceeding the calyx-teeth. The variety is men- 

 tioned by Dr. Torrey, in Bot. Wilkes Exp.' 315, as perhaps distinct. It has been collected from 

 Monterey to Humboldt County, Brewer, Samuels, Kellogg, &c. 



4. SANICULA, Tourn. SANICLE. 



Calyx-teeth somewhat foliaceous, persistent. Fruit subglobose or obovoid, densely 

 covered with hooked prickles or tubercul&te ; ribs obsolete ; oil-tubes numerous. 

 Seed hemispherical. Smooth perennials, with nearly naked sterns ; leaves pal- 

 mately divided, the lobes more or less pinnatifid or incised ; flowers unisexual^ 



