272 UMBELLIFEPLE. Ferula. 



* * Leaves more coarsely divided. 



3. F. Californica, Gray. Habit of the preceding : leaves ternate and pinnate, 

 or twice ternate, the leaflets cuneate-obovate or -oblong, an inch or two long, usu- 

 ally 3-lobed, coarsely toothed above, smooth : rays 2 to 4 inches long ; involucre of 

 1 or 2 narrow elongated bracts ; involucels wanting : fruit 5 to 7 lines long, 3 or 4 

 wide, a little narrower below, on pedicels 2 to 4 lines long ; dorsal ribs indistinct 

 except at the ends ; oil-tubes distinct, somewhat anastomosing ; wing thinner than 

 in the preceding. Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 348. Leptotoenia Californica, Nutt. 1. c. ; 

 Torrey, Pacif. 11. Rep. iv. 92. 



Napa Valley to Mendocino County. 



25. DAUCUS, Tourn. CARROT. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Disk and stylopodium mostly small and depressed. Fruit 

 ovate or oblong, the carpels semiterete or somewhat dorsally flattened; primary ribs 

 filiform and bristly, the intermediate more prominent and winged with a row of 

 more or less united barbed prickles ; oil-tubes solitary under the wings. Seed flat 

 on the face or nearly so. Annual or biennial, setosely hispid ; leaves pinnately 

 decompound with very small segments ; involucral bracts foliaceous and divided, 

 those of the involucels entire or 3-lobed ; outer rays of the umbels often longest and 

 connivent over the inner ones in fruit ; flowers mostly white. 



Some 30 or more species inhabit the northern temperate regions of the Old World, of which 

 the cultivated Carrot, D. Carota, is in many places naturalized, becoming a noxious weed. The 

 only recognized native species of the United States is the following. 



1. D. pusillus, Michx. Annual or biennial, erect, a foot or two high, retrorsely 

 hispid : leaves bipinnate, the segments pinnatifid, with short narrowly linear lobes : 

 rays 2 to 6 lines long, nearly equal ; involucre bipinnatitid, as long as the small 

 umbel ; involucels equalling the yellowish flowers : fruit 1 to 2 lines long, shortly 

 pedicellate, the prickles usually equalling or exceeding" the width of the body : seed 

 somewhat concave on the face. 



Widely distributed, ranging from the S. Atlantic States to the Pacific, and on the western 

 coast from Nootka Sound to Mexico. It has also been found in N. Patagonia and the Sandwich 

 Islands. A peculiar form was collected by Dr. Torrey near San Francisco, very low and scarcely 

 caulescent, the stout peduncles 2 or 3 inches long ; fruit 1 to 1 lines long, in dense subglobose 

 heads, the rays being obsolete. 



26. CAUCALIS, Linn. 



Calyx-teeth prominent. Stylopodium thick and conical. Fruit as in Dauciis, but 

 somewhat more laterally compressed, and the seed involute or deeply channelled. 

 Annuals, mostly hispid ; leaves dissected ; umbels few-rayed, often opposite the 

 leaves or sessile ; flowers white or purplish. 



About 20 species, chiefly of the Mediterranean region, one or two widely naturalized. 



1. C. nodosa, Hudson. Decumbent, branching only at base, the stems 1 or 2 

 feet long, retrorsely hispid : leaves pinnate with pinnatifid divisions : umbels naked, 

 opposite to the leaves, nearly sessile, of 2 or 3 very short rays : fruit ovate-oblong, a 

 line long, entirely covered with rough tubercles or usually with stout prickles barbed 

 or bent at the point : seed involute. 



Native of Europe and N. Africa, introduced into Chili and Peru, and thence into California : 

 seen only from around San Francisco, Holder, Kelloyg. 



2. C. microcarpa, Hook & Am. Erect, slender, 6 to 15 inches high, nearly 

 glabrous : leaves much dissected, slightly hispid : umbels apparently sessile at the 



