COMPOSITE. 289 



Key to the Tribes in California. 



I. TUBULIFLOR^E ; the corollas* tubular and 5- (rarely 4-) toothed 



or cleft in the perfect flowers ; those with ligulate corollas (rays) 

 at the margin either pistillate or neutral. 



Style-branches club-shaped, obtuse, neither hairy nor appendaged : flow- 

 ers all perfect, never yellow. 2. EUPATORIACE.E. 

 Style-branches of perfect flowers flat and tipped with a distinct flat ap- 

 pendage : anthers without tails : leaves all alternate. 3. ASTEROII>E.E. 

 Style-branches of the perfect flowers neither truncate nor tipped with any 

 appendage : anthers with tails : heads heterogamous : recep- 

 tacle not long-bristly : corollas not deeply cleft. 4. INULOIDE^B. 

 Style-branches of perfect flowers truncate-capitate or tipped with an ap- 

 pendage : anthers without tails : leaves or some of them often 

 opposite. 

 Receptacle chaffy, at least next the margin : involucre not scarious : 



pappus not capillary. 5. HELIANTHOIDE.E. 



Receptacle not chaffy : involucre not of imbricated scarious scales : 



pappus not capillary. 6. HELENIOIDE^:. 



Receptacle not chaffy or rarely so : involucre of imbricated partly scari- 

 ous scales : pappus a short crown or none. 7. ANTHEMIDE.S. 

 Receptacle not chaffy : pappus capillary and copious. 8. SENECIONlDE.fi. 

 Style-branches without tips or appendage, more or less concreted to or 

 near the apex : corollas all tubular and very deeply (sometimes 

 irregularly) 5-cleft into long linear lobes : receptacle densely 

 bristly : anthers sagittate or with tails. 9. CYNAROIDE.E. 



II. LABI ATIFLOR^E ; the corollas bilabiate and the flowers perfect. 10. MUTISIACEJE. 



III. LIGULIFLOR/E ; the corollas all ligulate (and 5-toothed at the 



apex), and the flowers perfect. Juice milky. 11. CICHORIACKS. 



Key to the Genera. 



TRIBE I. VERNONIACE^E. Heads homogamous and the flowers all perfect, with tubular 

 corolla, never yellow. Anthers sagittate at base. Branches of the style slender-subulate, 

 minutely hispid. 



No plant of this tribe, as thus denned, is known in California or in the regions north 

 of it. The only genus to be expected is Elephantopus, of which one or two species 

 are widely spread over the warmer parts of the world, and these may come in at the south. 



TRIBE II. EUPATORIACE^E. Heads homogamous and the flowers all perfect, with regular 

 tubular corolla, never yellow, or more than cream-color. Anthers nearly entire at base. 

 Branches of the style obtuse, oftener thickened upwards or club-shaped, minutely papillose- 

 granular or smoothish, the stigmatic lines inconspicuous. 



* Pappus of 2 to 12 stout bristles or awns, alternating with as many scales. 



1. Hofmeisteria. Involucre and flowers as in Brickellia. Akenes 4 - 5-angled or ribbed. 



* * Pappus of numerous capillary bristles. 

 *- Receptacle naked. 



2. Eupatorium. Akenes 5-angled. Bristles of the pappus scabrous, rather rigid. 



3. Brickellia. Akenes 10-ribbed or striate. Bristles of the pappus about in one series, scabrous 



or almost plumose, rather rigid. Involucre imbricated. 



4. Adenostyles. Akenes 10-ribbed. Bristles of the pappus very copious, hardly scabrous, 



soft, white. Involucre not imbricated. 



+- +- Receptacle chaffy, at least among the outer flowers. 



5. Carphephorus KUHNIOIDES. Akenes 10-ribbed. Pappus plumose. Involucre imbricated. 



TRIBE III. ASTEROIDE^E. Heads either heterogamous or homogamous, the disk-flowers 

 with regular tubular corolla, the ray-flowers when present ligulate and pistillate only, 

 rarely neutral. Receptacle naked (not chaffy) except sometimes in No. 20. Anthers 

 nearly entire at base (without tails). Branches of the style in perfect flowers flattened, 

 tipped with an appendage. Leaves mostly alternate. 



Subtribe I. ASTERINE^E. Heads homogamous and the flowers perfect or heterogamous 

 and mostly radiate, yet several are discoid, or with merely filiform corollas to the pistil- 

 late flowers, but none dioecious. 



