318 COMPOSITE. - SoKdago. 



Var. serrulata, Gray, 1. c. : the leaves minutely ciliate or as if serrulate with 

 short and sharp rigid bristles. L. serrulata, Torr. 



Var. tortifolia, Gray, 1. c. : nearly the same, but with the rather broad leaves 

 remarkably twisted. 



Var. puberula, Gray, 1. c. : chiefly a dwarf form, either minutely or more con- 

 spicuously and roughly puberulent. 



Eastern part of the Sierra Nevada ; thence eastward to the Rocky Mountains, and northward 

 to Washington Territory ; abundant through the dry interior districts. Var. tortifolia, near 

 Aurora (Brewer), on Mount Davidson, Nevada (Bloomer), and Sierra Valley (Lemmon). 



18. SOLIDAGO, Linn. GOLDENROD. 



Heads small, mostly in panicles or panicled racemose clusters, rarely in corymbs, 

 heterogamous ; the rays fertile. Involucre narrow, imbricated and the outer scales 

 successively shorter, appressed, usually destitute of herbaceous tips. Eeceptacle 

 small, alveolate or nmbrillate. Style-appendages lanceolate or triangular subulate. 

 Akenes terete or angular, 5 1 2-ribbed. Pappus simple, of a single series of mostly 

 equal and slender scabrous capillary bristles. Perennial herbs, with virgate stems, 

 alternate leaves, and yellow flowers, the pappus mostly dull white. 



A large genus with headquarters in the Atlantic United States, only a few on the Pacific side 

 of the continent ; flowering in autumn. 



1. Stem branching freely ; the branches erect, leafy, and terminated by dense some- 

 times paniculate corymbs of clustered small heads : leaves linear : scales of the 

 involucre narrow : rays inconspicuous but numerous : akenes pubescent. 



EUTHAMIA, Nutt. 



1 . S. occidentalis, Nutt. Glabrous throughout, 3 or 4 feet high, paniculately 

 branched, slender : leaves linear, entire, obscurely 3-nerved, 2 to 4 inches long, 

 1 to 3 lines wide : heads in numerous small clusters (\ inch long) : scales of the 

 involucre rather acute : rays 16 to 20, not exceeding the 8 to 14 disk-flowers. 



Common in wet places, especially near the coast, extending to British America. 



2. Stem mostly simple : heads not in corymbs : rays usually more conspicuous and 

 fewer than the disk-flowers : akenes glabrous or nearly so. VIRGACJREA, DC. 



* Heads rather few and large (a third of an inch long], in a narrow or raceme-like 

 panicle, or in simple clusters : disk-flowers 20 to 30. 



2. S. spiciformis, Torr. & Gray. Glabrous or nearly so, glutinous : stem 

 rather stout, a foot or two high : leaves thickish, spatulate, serrate, tapering (espe- 

 cially the lowest ones) into a long and narrow entire base or winged petiole ; the 

 upper ones small and gradually passing into bracts of the narrow and spike-like 

 panicle, becoming shorter than the heads and entire : involucre carnpanulate ; its 

 scales oblong and obtuse, the outer with somewhat greenish tips : rays about 7, very 

 small and inconspicuous : akenes silky-pubescent. Fl. ii. 202. S. petiolaris, 

 Less. (?), Hook. & Arn. in part. 



About Monterey. Leaves so glutinous that they adhere firmly to the paper in drying. Spike- 

 like interrupted panicle strictly erect, 5 to 9 inches long. 



3. S. Virga-aurea, Linn., Var. multiradiata, Torr. & Gray. Glabrous or 

 somewhat pubescent, a span to a foot high : leaves few, lanceolate, acute, slightly 

 serrate or entire, the lower with long narrowed base : heads few in a rather loose 

 cluster or panicle : scales of the involucre rather loose, lanceolate, acute, thin : rays 

 about 1 2, narrow, conspicuous : akenes minutely pubescent. S. corymbosa, Nutt. 



Higher parts of the Sierra Nevada ; apparently rare in California, more common in the Eocky 

 Mountains, as are some other forms of this polymorphous or perhaps compound species. 



