Antennaria. COMPOSITE. 339 



1. Bristles of the pappus of the sterile flowers hardly at all thickened but sparsely 

 barbellate at the summit ; of the fertile flowers smooth : akene oblong- linear, 

 cinereous with a minute pubescence, consisting of short bi-uncinate hairs ! 



1. A. dimorpha, Torr. & Gray. Depressed, forming close matted tufts only an 

 inch or two high : the thickish rootstocks creeping : leaves spatulate, silky-woolly 

 both sides, crowded on the branches of the rootstock : heads solitary and sessile, 

 proportionally large, terminating extremely short or occasionally more developed (one 

 or two inches long) leafy stems : scales of the turbinate involucre mostly glabrous, 

 brownish ; those of the sterile head ovate-lanceolate, of the fertile more narrowly 

 lanceolate and acuminate. 



On the Sierra Nevada, along the eastern border of the State ; thence northward and eastward 

 to and rather beyond the Rocky Mountains. There are two forms, one (var. Nuttallii, Eaton, in 

 Bot. King Exp.) with head only 3 or 4 lines long; the other (var. macrocephala, Eaton) with large 

 head, the fertile when in fruit sometimes as much as 9 lines in length. On the Spipen River, 

 Washington Terr., a var. (flagellaris) was gathered in the Wilkes Expedition, with filiform pro- 

 liferous shoots or stolons. 



2. Bristles of the pappus of the sterile flowers clavate or thickened at the apex: 

 akene shorter, glabrous or minutely papillose : heads in a cluster (or occasion- 

 ally solitary) terminating a leafy or rarely scapiform flowering stem. 



* Cespitose by means of surculose or stolon-like leafy sterile shoots from the base : up- 



right flowering stem simple. 



2. A. dioica, Gaertn. Radical shoots forming broad matted tufts on the ground, 

 bearing rosettes of spatulate or oblanceolate white silvery-tomentose leaves : flower- 

 ing stems 2 to 10 inches high, bearing mostly linear leaves and several or numerous 

 heads in a close corymb : scales of the involucre with obtuse or roundish mostly 

 pearly-white but often rose-colored tips, of rather papery texture : bristles of the 

 pappus of the sterile flowers abruptly dilated into a broad and flat tip. 



Sierra Nevada above Yosemite Valley, and northward. Throughout the Rocky Mountains and 

 those of Nevada, Oregon, &c., usually at higher elevations than in the Old World : collected in 

 the Klamath country by Dr. Cronkhite, and Sierra Valley by Lemmon, with bright rose-colored 

 heads : doubtless the white forms not wanting in the northern and northeastern parts of the 

 State. Dr. Kellogg, in Proc. Calif. Acad. v. 45, has described this as a Gnaphalium near G. 

 purpurcum, viz. G. Nevadcnse, Kellogg. 



3. A. alpina, Gaertn. Radical shoots less tufted : leaves nearly as in the pre- 

 ceding, but less silvery : flowering stems an inch to 4 inches high, bearing a close 

 cluster of few heads, or sometimes a single head : scales of the involucre livid-brown 

 and thin-scarious (occasionally the innermost with white or whitish tips), acute or 

 acutish in the fertile, more obtuse in the sterile heads : bristles of the pappus in 

 the latter with less abrupt and broad tips. 



Along the Sierra Nevada at 10,000 feet or more, and in the alpine portion of the Rocky Moun- 

 tains, extending to the arctic regions, also in the Old World. 



* * Destitute of stolons or prostrate sterile shoots, or with feio very short ascending ones. 



+- Stems simple and virgate from a rather stout rootstock, the naked summit bearing a 

 corymb of broad heads : bristles of sterile pappus with conspicuously dilated tips. 



4. A. Carpathica, R. Brown. Silvery white-woolly : stems a span to a foot 

 or more high : radical and lower leaves lanceolate and oblanceolate, conspicuously 

 3-nerved ; the upper becoming linear : heads large (at least the fertile ones 4 or 5 

 lines long), few or several in a close corymbose cluster : involucre very woolly 

 and turbinate at base ; its scales livid or brownish and in the sterile heads with ob- 

 tuse white tips, those of the fertile heads more scarious and acutish or acute : akenes 

 smooth and glabrous. The form corresponding with the European plant about a 

 span high. 



