

 Arbutus. ERICACEAE. 451 



ends, nearly entire, dull, very short-petioled, pale beneath : calyx 5-lobed : corolla 

 globular, 5-toothed: stamens 10: berries pale red, insipid. Hook. Fl. ii. 33, t. 128. 



Redwoods, &c., Mendocino Co., olander. Common from Oregon to Sitka. Leaves from a 

 third to a full inch long. 



2. V. ovalifolium, Smith. A more straggling shrub, with terete branches, 

 larger arid more veiny leaves, ovoid corolla, and large edible blue berries. Hook. 

 1. c. t. 127. 



Common in Oregon, and extending to Lake Superior ; commonly associated with V. parvi- 

 folium, and therefore probably reaching the northern pail of the State on the coast. 



3. V. Myrtillus, Linn. Low undershrub, glabrous, with sharply angled green 

 branchlets : leaves ovate or oval, bright green and usually shining, veiny, serrate, 

 very short-petioled : border of the calyx almost entire : corolla between globular 

 and campanulate, 5-toothed, sometimes 4-toothed : stamens 10 or 8 : berries blue- 

 black when ripe. Our plant is wholly the 



Var. microphyllum, Hook., with clustered stems only a span or less in height : 

 leaves from the sixth to barely half an inch long : flowers only about 2 lines long : 

 berries according to Watson (Bot. King Exp. 210) light red. But in the Rocky 

 Mountains and in Oregon the berries are dark-colored, and the parts all larger, yet 

 not equalling the European Bilberry in size of foliage, fruit, &c. 



Wet places in the Sierra Nevada, at 7,000 feet (Mariposa Co., Gray), thence northward, and 

 eastward at high elevations. 



+- -t- flowers 2 or 3 or solitary from a separate scaly bud, short-peduneled. 



4. V. occidentale, Gray. Low shrub, glabrous : leaves thinnish, dull and 

 pale both sides, from oval to obovate-oblong or oblanceolate, entire, acutish or 

 obtuse, rather obscurely veiny (half to three fourths of an inch long) : flower mostly 

 solitary : lobes of calyx and of the oblong-ovate corolla 4 : berry small, 2 or 3 lines 

 in diameter, blue with a bloom, sweetish. 



Sierra Nevada at 6,000 or 7,000 feet, from Mariposa to Sierra Co., Bokmder, Anderson, Lem- 

 mon, &c. Mountains of Utah, Watson. 



V. ULIGINOSUM, Linn., the Bilberry of Europe, &c., from Oregon northward, has rounder 

 leaves conspicuously reticulated beneath, shorter and broader corolla, and berries much larger. 



* * Leaves evergreen and coriaceous : parts of flower in fives and the stamens 1 : 

 anthers not awned on the back. 



5. V. ovatum, Pursh. Shrub erect, 3 to 5 feet high, with numerous spreading 

 branches and hirsute branchlets : leaves thick, very smooth, shining above, ovate 

 varying to oblong-lanceolate, acute, serrate with rigid small teeth, short-petioled : 

 flowers crowded in very short and numerous axillary and terminal racemes : corolla 

 campanulate, pink : calyx-teeth as long as the 5-celled ovary : berries dark purple 

 turning black, without a bloom. Lindl. Bot. Eeg. t. 1354. V. lanceolatum, DC., 

 only a narrow-leaved form. 



Along the coast range, &c. , especially in redwoods, from Monterey to Oregon. Berries edible. 



2. ARBUTUS, Tourn. MADRONO. 



Calyx small, 5-lobed. Corolla ovate, globular, or urn-shaped, 5-toothed ; the 

 teeth recurved. Stamens 10, included : anthers flattened, furnished with a pair of 

 reflexed awns on the back below the summit ; the cells opening by a terminal pore. 

 Ovary raised on a hypogynous disk, 5-celled : ovules numerous on a fleshy placenta 

 projecting from the inner angle of each cell. Style rather long : stigma obtuse. 

 Berry with a rough or granular surface, maturing several seeds in each cell. 

 Small trees or shrubs, with evergreen and coriaceous alternate leaves, and white or 



