546 SCKOPHULARIACE^E. Nicoliana. 



Dry plains and hills, Monterey Co. to the Mohave, and along the eastern borders of the State 

 in Nevada ; east to Colorado. 



5. N. Bigelovii, Watson. Larger and stouter than the preceding : leaves ob- 

 long or oblong-lanceolate (4 to 6 inches long, or the uppermost smaller), only the 

 lower ones petioled ; some of the upper often with broader and partly clasping base : 

 flowers scattered : teeth of the calyx linear-lanceolate and surpassing the ovate 

 4-valved capsule : corolla nearly salverform, with tube an inch and a half long, and 

 a 5-cleft border of an inch or more in diameter, its lobes triangular and acute. 

 Bot. King Exp. 1. c. t. 27. N. plumbaginifolia, var. (T) Bigelovii, Torr. in Pacif. E. 

 Eep. iv. 27. 



Not uncommon, from Lake Co. to San Diego, and east to the borders of Nevada. Very viscid 

 and stinking : this and the preceding much used by the Indians. 



N. QUADRIVALVIS, Pursh, and its variety MULTIVALVIS (N. multivalvis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 

 t. 1057), may be expected in the northern part of the State, being not uncommon in Oregon. 

 It may be distinguished from N. Bigelovii by its lower and stouter habit, corolla with proportion- 

 ally shorter tube, broader obtusely 5 - 7-lobed border, and globose at length thin-walled capsule 

 of four cells, in the var. multivalvis of several cells; an anomaly in the genus. No certain 

 indigenous habitat is known : the plant was cultivated by the aborigines from the Missouri River 

 to the Pacific, and greatly prized for its tobacco. N. Bigelovii is perhaps the original of it. 



10. PETUNIA, Juss. 



Calyx 5-parted, persistent ; the divisions narrow and foliaceous. Corolla funnel- 

 form or somewhat salverform ; the 5-lobed limb plaited in the bud. Stamens 

 unequal, included : filaments and tip of the style more or less incurved. Stigma 

 dilated-capitate and 2-lobed. Capsule simply 2-valved (the valves entire), leaving 

 the placenta in the axis. Seeds numerous, small, scrobiculate. Embryo straightish. 

 Viscid-pubescent herbs, with entire leaves and lateral or at first terminal flowers. 



The common Petunias of the gardens are mixtures of two showy species from Buenos Ayres. 

 Very different in appearance is the following. 



1. P. parviflora, Juss. A small and insignificant annual, much branched, spread- 

 ing or nearly prostrate, pubescent : leaves narrow-spatulate, hardly half an inch 

 long, almost sessile : flowers small (about a third of an inch long), very short- 

 peduncled : calyx-lobes resembling the leaves : corolla purple with a yellowish tube, 

 its short retuse lobes slightly unequal: capsule ovoid. Ann. Mus. Par. ii. 216, 

 t. 47. Salpiylossis prosh-ata, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey, 123, 376. 



Common on the sea-shore from the Bay of Monterey south : also in Texas, and S. America. 



ORDER LXVIII. SCROPHULARIACE.E!. 



Known by the irregular (more or less bilabiate) corolla with lobes imbricated in 

 the bud, didynamous or diandrous stamens, single style, 2-celled many - few-seeded 

 capsule with the placentas in the axis, and seeds with a small embryo in copious 

 albumen. The exceptions do not concern the California!! flora, except an intro- 

 duced Mullein, which has 5 perfect stamens. Flowers perfect. Calyx of 5 or 

 sometimes 4 distinct or variously united sepals. Corolla 4 - 5-lobed or cleft, com- 

 monly bilabiate (f , i. e. two lobes forming the upper and three the lower lip), im- 

 bricated in the bud, not plaited. Stamens borne on the tube of the corolla, 4 and 

 didynamous or only 2, the fifth and upper stamen and sometimes the two lateral 

 or anterior ones either absent or reduced to sterile filaments or vestiges, rarely (in 

 Verbascum, &c.) all five present and fertile. Stigma entire, or with two (upper and 



