* 

 Cypripedium. ORCHIDACE.. 137 



gland capping the small rounded beak of the stigma. Caulescent and leafy, from 

 creeping rootstocks ; flowers few and pedicelled, rather large in our species, with 

 conspicuous bracts, divergent and the ovaries at right angles to the stem. 



About a dozen species belong to Europe and Southern Asia, the only American representative 

 being the following. 



1. E. gigantea, Dougl. Stout and leafy, 1 to 4 feet high, nearly smooth : 

 leaves from ovate below to narrowly lanceolate above, 3 to 8 inches long, acute or 

 acuminate, somewhat scabrous on the veins beneath : raceme pubescent ; flowers 3 

 to 10, greenish strongly veined with purple, with large foliaceous bracts, on slender 

 pedicels 2 or 3 lines long : sepals ovate-lanceolate, 6 to 8 lines long, the upper con- 

 cave ; petals slightly smaller ; lip as long, the saccate base with erect wing-like 

 margins, strongly nerved and the nerves callous-tuberculate near the base, the 

 dilated summit ovate-lanceolate, entire, somewhat wavy-crested : anther nearly 2 

 lines long : capsule oblong, 8 lines long, reflexed or spreading. Hook. ii. 220, t. 

 202; Watson, Bot. King Exp. 341. E. Americana, Lindl. Orch. 462. 



From Washington Territory to Santa Barbara, and eastward to S. Utah and Western Texas ; 

 on stream banks, flowering in June and July. 



9. CEPHALANTHERA, Richard. 



Flowers very similar to those of Epipactis, differing in the longer and more 

 slender column, the stigma wholly beakless, and the anther shortly stipitate so as 

 to be nearly or quite above the level of the top of the stigma ; pollen-masses not 

 connected nor attached to a gland ; flowers erect, the perianth connivent or the 

 lower sepals somewhat spreading. Caulescent and leafy, with small bracts (our 

 only species leafless and scarious-bracted) ; rootstocks creeping. 



A genus of about half a dozen species, peculiar to Europe and Northern Asia. The S. Ameri- 

 can genus Chlorata, to which the following species was first referred, has the stems leafy at base, 

 with numerous dilated sheaths above and large conspicuous bracts ; the flowers more open, nar- 

 rowed and scarcely at all gibbous at base, the lip being unguiculate and expanded instead of saccate, 

 mostly entire and with papillose-crested veins ; column membranously margined ; anthers acute 

 differing in these respects from Cephalanthera, The pollen-grains in both genera are uncon- 

 nected, as in Cypripedium, not united by threes or fours as in all other genera. In its peculiar 

 leafless and parasitic habit our species resembles the American Bletia. aphylla, which in the same 

 way differs from all its congeners. 



1. C. Oregana, Eeichenb. f. Parasitic, whole plant white, a foot or two high, 

 with 3 to 5 somewhat dilated sheaths and usually a few free linear-lanceolate bracts 

 above, an inch or two long ; floral bracts very small : flowers few to many, sessile or 

 nearly so : perianth about 6 lines long, gibbous at base ; sepals and petals oblong- 

 lanceolate, nearly equal ; lip a little shorter, the saccate base with broad wing- like 

 margins as in the last species, the nerves somewhat tuberculate-crested within ; 

 upper portion very broad and suborbicular, the nerves in the centre wavy-crested : 

 column 2 lines long, about twice longer than the anther. Linnsea, xli. 53. Chlo- 

 rcea Austince, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xii. 83. 



Northern California and Oregon : Shasta County, under firs (Brewer) ; Plumas County (Mrs. 

 Austin) ; Mendocino County (G. It. Vasey) ; near Cahto. in open forests, and at the Dalles, 

 Oregon, "in water," Kellogg & Harford. First collected by Nuttall in Oregon. Flowers de- 

 scribed by Professor Brewer as readily falling from the pedicels. 



10. CYPRIPEDIUM, Linn. LADY'S SLIPPER. 



Sepals spreading, the lateral often united into one under the lip : petals similar, 

 usually narrower : lip an inflated sac, with the incurved margin auricled near the 



