Scheuchzeria. ALISMACE^E. 199 



8. TRIGLOCHIN, Linn. ARROW-GRASS. 



Flowers perfect, in a naked slender raceme upon a scape-like peduncle, with an 

 herbaceous deciduous perianth of 3 small concave sepals and as many similar petals. 

 Stamens 3 or 6 ; anthers oval, nearly sessile. Ovary 3 - 6-celled, with sessile stig- 

 mas and solitary ovules, separating at maturity from the central axis into as many 

 distinct pods. Seed anatropous, erect ; testa membranous. Embryo straight, with 

 minute included plumule. Marsh perennial herbs, with fibrous roots, radical 

 sheathing terete or semiterete fleshy leaves, and erect scapes. 



A genus of about a dozen species, of which the two following are the more common and widely 

 distributed. 



1. T. maritimum, Linn. Rather stout, a span to 2 or 3 feet high : leaves 

 shorter than the scape, a line or two broad, thickish : raceme usually crowded, 4 to 

 12 inches long : flowers a line broad : fruit oblong or ovate, obtuse at base, 6- (rarely 

 3-5-) carpelled, 1^ to 2^ lines long and about equalling the pedicels. Reichenb. 

 Icon. Fl. Germ. vii. 38, t. 52. 



Near the sea-coast from about San Francisco to Alaska and the Arctic Ocean, and in saline 

 places in the interior across the continent ; also common in Europe and Asia. 



T. PALUSTRE, Linn. Slender, \ to 1^ feet high : leaves less than a line broad : flowers smaller, 

 in a loose raceme : fruit narrow, attenuate at base, 3-carpelled, 2^ to 4 lines long, exceeding the 

 pedicels, separating from below upward. A common species of nearly the same range as the last, 

 but not yet reported from California nor from localities nearer than Utah and Alaska. 



9. SCHEUCHZERIA, Linn. 



Flowers perfect, in a loose few-flowered bracteate raceme, with small herbaceous 

 persistent perianth of 3 oblong sepals and 3 narrower petals. Stamens 6, with 

 linear-oblong anthers on slender exserted filaments. Ovary of 3 nearly distinct 

 ovoid 1 2-ovuled carpels, becoming divergent coriaceous subglobose pods, dehiscing 

 ventrally : stigmas flat and sessile. Seeds ascending, anatropous, with coriaceous 

 testa. Embryo straight, thick. A marsh perennial herb, with a creeping jointed 

 scariously sheathed -rootstock, ascending flexuous simple stems, and sheathing chan- 

 nelled teretish leaves. A single species. 



1. S. palustris, Linn. Stems a span high or less : leaves exceeding them, pitted 

 at the tip : raceme 4 - 6-flowered, with sheathing bracts, the upper ones small : 

 perianth about 1J lines long: carpels 3 lines in diameter: seeds half as long. 

 Reichenb. Icon. Fl. Germ. x. t. 419. 



Sierra County (Lemmori) ; Washington Territory (Lyall, Suksdorf), and eastward of the Rocky 

 Mountains to New England and Canada ; also in Europe and northern Asia. Said to have the 

 odor of hydrochloric acid. 



ORDER CXV. ALISMACE^E. 



Marsh herbs, with scape-like stems, sheathing leaves, and perfect or unisexual 

 flowers ; perianth of 3 herbaceous persistent sepals and as many often conspicuous 

 white deciduous petals, which are imbricate or (in Alisma) involute in the bud ; 

 stamens 6 or more, included ; ovaries numerous, distinct, 1 -celled and mostly 1- 

 ovuled, becoming akenes in fruit ; seeds erect, campylotropous, with membranous 

 testa ; albumen none ; embryo strongly recurved or uncinate. Roots fibrous ; 

 leaves radical, petiolate, and strongly nerved with transverse veinlets, the earlier 



