Jitncus. JUNCACE.E. 205 



Southern California ; frequent in marshes in the Coast Ranges, from Santa Clara Valley (Peck- 

 ham) to San Diego, Cooper. Resembling /. acutus of the Old World, which has a shorter and 

 more spreading panicle, shorter spathes and bracts, a triangular and acute capsule, and usually 

 more distinctly caudate seeds. The tough scapes are split by the Indians and used in binding 

 together their baskets. 



2. J. Cooperi, Engelm. A similar species : outer perianth-segments subulate- 

 lanceolate, acute, the inner ovate-lanceolate and mucronate, 3 lines long : anthers If 

 lines long : capsule ovate, acute, slightly longer than the perianth, greenish : seeds 

 larger, with broad white appendages, more irregularly ribbed. Trans. St. Louis 

 Acad. ii. 586. 



Known only from a single imperfect specimen, collected at Camp Cady on the Mohave River 

 (J. G. Cooper) : scape nearly 2 feet high, with a greenish panicle 3 inches long. 



i- -t Flowers solitary, hexandrous (triandrous in n. 7) : scapes slender : sheaths 

 leafless except in Nos. 5 and 10: spathes usually very much exceeding the in- 

 florescence. 



H- Flowers in compound panicles, large (2 lines long or more) : capsule oblong- 

 ovate. 



3. J. Leseurii, Boland. Scapes often stout, but soft and sometimes hollow, 1 

 to 3 feet high, from a stout creeping rhizome : panicle lax and spreading, many- 

 flowered, the flowers somewhat secund on the branches : perianth-segments 2| to 3 

 lines long, lanceolate, acuminate, with brown margins, the inner ones a little shorter 

 and obtusish : anthers much longer than the filaments : capsule brown, oblong-ovate, 

 acute, not beaked, equalling or a little shorter than the perianth : seeds ovate, obtuse, 

 scarcely apiculate, smoothish or somewhat reticulate. Proc. Calif. Acad. ii. 179 ; 

 Engelm. 1. c. 490. J. Balticus, Benth. PI. Hartw. 341. J. pictus, Philippi, in Lin- 

 nsea, xxxiii. 368. J. Balticus, var. Pacificus, Engelm. 1. c. 442. 



Var. elatus. Rigid, stout and tall (.6 feet high or more) : panicle lax and widely 

 spreading (3 to G inches). 



In salt marshes and saline localities near the coast ; Sacramento Valley (Hnrtweg) ; about San 

 Francisco, Bolander. The variety at higher elevations, in San Gabriel canon (Brewer) and near 

 Los Angeles, Wood. The species is also Chilian, according to Engelmann. What appears to be 

 the same, but with the panicle small and compact, was collected in flower at Klatsop, Oregon, 

 on the sea-shore in drifting sand, by Prof. Wood. 



4. J. Balticus, Dethard. Distinguished from the last by its rather more rigid 

 scapes (usually 1 or 2 feet high), smaller flowers (1^ to 2| lines long), the capsule 

 more acutely angled (in our forms) and mucronate or beaked, and the seeds more 

 distinctly reticulated. Reichenb. Icon. Fl. Germ. ix. t. 411; Engelm. 1. c. 441 

 and 490. 



A species of northern Europe, ranging through North America from Alaska to Southern Cali- 

 fornia and across the continent; varying considerably in the comparative length of the perianth- 

 segments, in the size of the capsule, and to some extent also in the characters of the seeds. In 

 the Yosemite Valley (Bolander), Talley's Ranch, San Diego County (Palmer), and above Carson 

 City (Anderson), the ordinary form ; on the borders of Mono Lake (Bolander) and Soda Lake, 

 Northern Nevada ( Watson), a form with the light-brown capsule exceeding the perianth. 



5. J. compressus, HBK. Resembling very slender forms of J. Balticus, but 

 the scapes (6 to 12 inches high) somewhat flattened, and the sheaths frequently leaf- 

 bearing : spathe equalling or much exceeding the small loosely few-flowered panicle : 

 capsule shorter than the paler perianth. Nov. Gen. i. 235 ; Kunth, Enum. iii. 317 ; 

 Engelm. 1. c. 440. 



A Mexican species, ranging to New Mexico (Fendler), Arizona (Palmer) and Southern Cali- 

 fornia ; Salinas Valley (Brewer); Fort Tejon (Rothrock); Santa Clara and Buena Ventura valleys, 

 Peckliam. 



6. J. Breweri, Engelm. 1. c. Scape stouter, a foot high, from a perpendicular 

 rhizome, somewhat flattened and often twisted : spathe many times longer than the 

 small and dense usually few-flowered panicle : perianth-segments brown, oblong- 



