206 JUNCACE^E. Juncws. 



ovate, acuminate, the inner acute, 2 lines long : anthers much exceeding the fila- 

 ments : capsule and seeds unknown. 

 Near Monterey (Brewer); Santa Cruz, Wood. 



H- -H- Flowers in compound panicles, smaller : capsule obovate or subglobose. 



7. J. effusus, Linn. Scapes soft, usually 2 to 4 feet high : inner sheaths tipped 

 with a short awn : panicle slender and usually diffuse, many-flowered : perianth 

 pale, a line long, the segments lanceolate, acuminate, equalling the triangular clavate- 

 obovate obtuse or retuse capsule : stamens 3, the anthers equalling the filaments : 

 seeds apiculate, finely ribbed, about line long. J. communis. Meyer : Kunth, 

 Enum. iii. 320. 



Var. brunneus, Engelm. 1. c. 491. Panicle usually very short and compact : 

 perianth and capsule dark brown. J. procerus (]), Engelm. 1. c. 442. 



The typical form is distributed throughout most of the northern temperate regions of both the 

 Old and New Worlds, and is also found in Australia and New Zealand. It is very common in tin- 

 Atlantic States, and is found in Oregon, in the Sierra Nevada (Mariposa County, Bolandcr and 

 others), about San Francisco, and in the Cuyamaca Mountains, Palmer. The variety is a coast 

 form, common in the salt-marshes about San Francisco Bay, collected also at Santa Barbara 

 ( Wood), and in Oregon. 



8. J. patens, Meyer. Resembling the ordinary form of the last : flowers some- 

 what larger (1^ lines long), the pale or brownish perianth more spreading in fruit : 

 stamens 6 : capsule subglobose, slightly angled, obtuse, apiculate, equalling or a little 

 shorter than the perianth, with thin septa, the valves breaking from the central 

 placentae. Eel. Haenk. i. 141 ; Engelm. 1. c. 443. 



From Santa Barbara County (Santa Inez Mountains, Mrs. Elwood Cooper ; Santa Lucia Moun- 

 tains, Brewer) to Oregon, Hall. The panicle is usually spreading, an inch or two long, some- 

 times more compact ; flowers somewhat secund on the branches. 



-H- -w- -H- Flowers few (1 to 3) : low and alpine. 



9. J. Drummondii, Meyer. Cespitose : scapes very slender, a foot high or 

 less : inner sheaths bristle-tipped : spathe usually a half to an inch long, equalling 

 or exceeding the inflorescence : perianth -segments 3 lines long or more, with brown 

 margins, lanceolate, acute or acuminate, the inner a little shorter : anthers a little 

 longer than the filaments : capsule brown, oblong, retuse, nearly equalling the peri- 

 anth : seeds ovate, caudate, a line long, very finely striate. Ledeb. Fl. Ross. iv. 

 235 ; Engelm. 1. c. 445. 



In the Sierra Nevada, at an altitude of 8,000 to 10,000 feet, and northward to Alaska ; also 

 in the Rocky Mountains. 



10. J. Parryi, Engelm. 1. c. 446. Cespitose : scapes filiform, 3 to 6 inches high : 

 inner sheaths leaf-bearing ; the leaves sulcate at base, terete above, much shorter than 

 the scape : spathe exceeding the inflorescence, to 1| inches long : perianth-segments 

 3 lines long or more, more or less tinged with brown, lanceolate and acuminate or the 

 inner obtuse : anthers much longer than the filaments : capsule oblong, acute, about 

 equalling the perianth : seeds as in the last. 



In the Sierra Nevada, in alpine meadows (Bolander), and northward to British Columbia ; in 

 the East Humboldt Mountains ( Watson) and Rocky Mountains of Colorado. 



* * Leaves flat, channelled, or semi-terete, not knotted: panicle or head evi- 

 dently terminal upon the naked or leafy stem, the spathe usually short. 



*- Dwarf or low slender annuals, with fibrous roots: stem leafy, branched. 



11. J. bufonius, Linn. Stem usually branching from the base, 1 to 12 inches 

 high : leaves very narrow, usually revolute and bristleform : flowers greenish, mostly 

 remote and secund upon the spreading branches : perianth-segments lanceolate, 

 acuminate, with scarious margins, 2 or 3 lines long, the inner shorter : stamens 6 ; 

 anthers about equalling the filaments : capsule oblong, obtuse, shorter than the peri- 



