Carex. CYPERACE^. 229 



cuspidate or subfoliaceous : perigynium membranous, lanceolate or spindle-shaped, 

 gradually attenuate to an acute obliquely cut subentire hyaline-margined orifice, 

 compressed triangular or biconvex, nerveless or rarely 2 - 3-nerved on the outer 

 side at base, long-stipitate, shining, reflexed at maturity, rather longer than the 

 scale : style enlarged at base ; stigmas rarely 2 : nutlet oblong, lenticular or un- 

 equally 3-sided, stipitate. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 212, t. 7 ; Eeichenb. Icon. Fl. Germ, 

 vifi, t. 198; Boott, 111. Car. iv. 148, t. 475, 476. 



On Mount Shasta, at 8,400 feet altitude (Brewer, n. 1379) ; in the mountains from Colorado 

 and Northern Utah to Alaska, as also in Asia, Europe and New Zealand. 



2. C. filifolia, Nutt. Cespitose : stems 6 to 10 inches high, obtusely angled, 

 leafy at base and there enclosed with bundles of sterile leaves in long chestnut- 

 colored sheaths that break up into reticulate fibres : leaves rigid, filiform, involute, 

 at first equalling and finally shorter than the stem : spikes narrowly oblong, fer- 

 ruginous fading to chestnut, naked : perigynium triangular-obovoid, pale below, 

 ferruginous and sparsely hairy above, nerveless or obscurely nerved at base, rostel- 

 late, with entire white-hyaline orifice, nearly equalling the suborbicular clasping hya- 

 line-margined scale : stigmas elongated : nutlet triangular-obovoid, tipped with the 

 enlarged base of the style, chestnut-colored, longer than the linear white-tipped 

 racheola. Boott, 1. c., i. 13, t. 37. 



In the Sierra Nevada, at Soda Springs on the Tuolumne River, at 8,700 feet altitude, and in 

 the Mono and Ebbett Passes, at 11,000 feet (Brewer, n. 1697, 1733, 2029), in the Calaveras 

 Grove (Bolander, n. 2318) and in Sierra County (Lcmmon) ; also on the dry plains and moun- 

 tains from Colorado to the Saskatchewan and Upper Columbia. 



3. C. Breweri, Boott. Rootstock creeping, stoloniferous : stem 5 to 18 inches 

 high, obtusely angled, smooth, leafy at base : leaves rigid, filiform, the cauline 

 shorter than the stem : spike of a dark fulvous or chestnut color, oval or ovate, 6 to 

 12 lines long by 6 lines thick, naked; male flowers few: perigynium oval, much 

 inflated and very thin, delicately nerved, with a very short obliquely cut entire beak, 

 whitish at the orifice, longer and broader than the lanceolate obtuse hyaline-margined 

 scale : nutlet oblong-obovoid, triangular, shorter than the filiform racheola. 111. 

 Car. iv. 142, t. 455. 



In the Sierra Nevada, in dry soil, from Mount Shasta, at 9,000 feet altitude (Brewer, n. 1391, 

 1392 ; Hooker & Gray), and Lassen's Peak at 10,000 feet (Brewer, n. 2176), to Mount Dana and 

 Mount Brewer (Brewer, n. 1863, 2839) ; Oregon, Hall, n. 570. 



C. POLYTRICHOIDES, Muhl., growing on the Rocky Mountains and from Cumberland House to 

 Florida, will probably be found in California. Stem filiform, 12 to 18 inches high : spike green, 

 oblong-linear, few-flowered : perigynium oblong, compressed-triangular, obtuse with entire orifice, 

 appressed, striate-nerved, much longer than the white ovate acute or cuspidate scale : nutlet tri- 

 angular, oblong-obovoid : stigmas 3 or 2. 



* * Bracts and lower scales green and leaf-like. 



4. C. Greyeri, Boott. Eootstock creeping : stem slender, stiff, \ to 2 feet high, 

 leafy at base : leaves rigid, ^ to 1 line broad, carinate, scabrous on the margin and 

 keel : spikes pale green, linear, 10 to 15 lines long, the male portion 5 to 10 lines 

 long ; female flowers 1 to 6, alternate, appressed to the rhachis ; scales whitish be- 

 coming ferruginous, green in the middle, ciliate, in the male flowers oblong and 

 obtuse, the female clasping and cuspidate, the lower foliaceous and equalling the 

 stem : perigynium triangular-ellipsoidal, tapering to the base, with a very short en- 

 tire beak and hyaline ciliate orifice, membranous, smooth, 1 -nerved on the middle 

 of two sides, shorter than the scale : style enlarged at base, deciduous : nutlet 

 conformed to and closely invested by the perigynium, chestnut-colored. Linn. 

 Trans, xx. 118, and 111. Car. i. 42, t. 105 ; Kunze, Car. 186, t. 47. 



In the Coast Ranges between Santa Rosa and Ukiah (Bolander, n. 3906), and frequent in the 

 Sierra Nevada from the Yosemite Valley (Torrey, n. 544) to Plumas County (Mrs. Ames) ; also 

 in the Rocky Mountains from Colorado to Northern Idaho (Geycr), and in the Wahsatch near 

 Salt Lake C'ity. 



