MUSCI. 357 



41. Pogonatum. Calyptra copiously villous, the hairs attached to the apex and covering the 



capsule. Otherwise as the last. 



* * Capsule distinctly apophysate, 4-angled ; teeth 64. 



42. Polytrichum. Calyptra and rigid leaves as in Pogonatum. Capsule quadrangular-ovate 



or -oblong, separated by a stomatose baud from a discoid or subglobose apophysis. 



TIUBE VII. BUXBAUMI/E. Minute nearly acaulescent annuals or biennials, on the ground 

 or rotting wood. Calyptra conic or cylindrie-eampanulate. Capsule large, strongly 

 gibbous-ventricose. Peristome double, the outer rudimentary or of one or more rows of 

 small more or less perfect teeth, the inner a 16- or 32-plicate membrane twisted into a cone. 



43. Buxbaumia. Capsule oblique, obliquely flattened above, long-pedicelled. Inner peristome 



32-plicate. 

 III. Capsule dehiscent by an operculum. Flowers all axillary, bud-like. Perennials. 



TKIBE VIII. FONTINALEyE. Floating, slender. Leaves 3-ranked, smooth, with narrow 

 linear or rhombic areolation. Flowers dioecious ; perichsetium elongated. Calyptra conic 

 or cucullate. Capsule immersed or exserted, erect, ovate to cylindrical ; operculum 

 conic ; annulus none. Peristome double, of 16 linear teeth, in pairs, and as many alternate 

 cilia more or less united by crossbars. 



44. Fontiualis. Leaves nerveless, ovate or ovate-lanceolate ; areolation linear-rhombic. Cap- 



sule sessile, immersed. Teeth coherent at the apex, hygroscopic ; the inner cilia form- 

 ing a more or less perfectly tessellated cone. 



45. Dichelyma. Leaves narrow, falcate, folded, costate : areolation rhombic. Capsule pedi- 



cellate. Teeth dehiscing, scarcely hygroscopic ; cilia united or free. 



TIMBE VIII. HYPNE/E. Creeping on the ground, trees or rocks, the erect or ascending or 

 pendulous secondary steins branching irregularly, fasciculately, or pinnately. Leaves 

 several-ranked, mostly broad, usually more or less imperfectly costate or bicostate ; areola- 

 tion various. Calyptra usually cucullate and naked. Peristome double, as in Mnium, 

 with or without ciliohe and the basal membrane often narrow, or the inner peristome rarely 

 wanting (in Fabronia). 



* Capsule symmetrical, mostly erect : areolation parenchymatous. 



-f- Stems irregularly or fasciculately branched : capsule long-pedicelled : leaves smooth and 

 shining (except in n. 49, 50), complanate in n. 47. 



n- Areolation very loose : flowers monoecious. 



46. Fabronia. Minute. Leaves not complanate, ovate-lanceolate, filiform-acuminate, dentate 



or ciliate, obsoletely costate. Calyptra cucullate. Capsule erect, subspherical. Peri- 

 stome simple. 



47. Hookeria. Prostrate, succulent. Leaves complanate, ovate or rounded, nerveless or bi- 



costate. Calyptra conic-mitriform. Capsule cernuous or horizontal. Peristome double, 

 without ciliolse. 



H- ++ Areolation narrow or linear : flowers dioecious. 

 43. Pterogonium. Branches arcuate when dry. Leaves bicostate at base. Calyptra slightly 



hairy. Processes half as long as the teeth, on a broad membrane : ciliolse none. 

 41). Pterigynandrum. More or less prostrate. Leaves rough-papillose on the back. Peri- 



. tome-teeth remotely jointed, the processes imperfect and ciliolse none. 

 t + ++ -n- Areolation minute and punctiform : leaves densely papillose both sides : flowers dioecious. 



50. Anomodon. Stems ascending or erect. Leaves costate. Processes shorter than the teeth, 



without ciliolte. 



-i i- Stems pinnately or bipinnately branched : flowers dioecious. 



+t Capsule very shortly pedicellate: leaves smooth and shining; areolation narrow or linear. 

 Secondary stems erect, ascending, or pendulous. 



51. Neckera. Leaves complanate, scarious, ovate-lanceolate, scarcely costate. Processes as 



long as the teeth ; ciliolre none. 



52. Antitrichia. Leaves not complanate, ovate-acuminate, costate to the middle. Processes 



shorter, fugacious. 



n- -n- Capsule short- or long-pedicellate : leaves smooth or papillose ; areolation oval-rhombic or 



punctiform, 



53. Alsia. Branching stems often circinate when dry. Processes shorter than the teeth, with 



or without ciliola?. 



* * Capsule unsyinmetrical, long-pedicelled, more or less cernuous : ciliolse present : areolation 



mostly narrow or linear. 



54. Hypnutd. Leaves mostly smooth and shining, rarely complanate, often secuntl. 



