Didyinodon. MUSCI. 365 



cells somewhat sinuous, those at the angles larger and quadrate : capsule cylindrical, 

 somewhat arcuate, firm, without annulus, brownish upon a reddisli pedicel ; oper- 

 culurn with a stout red beak as long as the capsule : teeth dark purple. Muse. 

 Frond, ii, t. 8 ; Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 74, 75 ; Sulliv. in Gray's Man. 2 ed. 622, 

 t. 2 ; Berkeley, Brit. Moss. t. 23, fig. 7. 



Collected in Oregon (Pickering), and also in California (Bolandcr), a form with the leaves 

 scarcely denticulate. A very variable species, very common eastward and in Europe. 



8. D. palustre, LaPyl. Loosely cespitose ; stems 3 or 4 inches long, slender, 

 tomentose to the summit : leaves spreading, very shining, linear-lanceolate, trans- 

 versely undulate above, serrate toward the apex upon the margin and back, with 

 slender costa vanishing below the apex : capsule oval-oblong upon a slender flexuous 

 pedicel, slightly incurved, distinctly striate ; annulus none : teeth as in the last. 

 Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 79 ; Wilson, 1. c., t. 18. 



Var. Stems shorter : leaves narrower, scarcely undulate, falcate-secund : capsule 

 longer, more slender, and more incurved. Lesq. Mem. Calif. Acad. i. 7. 



Eureka, Humboldt County (Bolandcr) ; Washington Territory (Lyall, Wood) ; the variety at 

 Deep Canon on the Klamath River, Brewer. The species is European, and has been collected in 

 Northern Ohio and in British America, growing in marshes. 



D. MAJUS, Turner, was collected by Pickering at Port Discovery, Washington Territory. It 

 resembles D. scoparium, but with more slender stems, prostrate or ascending, and with very long 

 narrower deep green leaves : capsules several from the same perichretium, green (at length black- 

 ish) upon shorter and paler pedicels. European. Muse. Hib. 59, t. 4 ; Engl. Bot. t. 1408 ; 

 Schwaegr. Suppl. t. 40 ; Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 85 ; Wilson, 1. c., t. 18. 



10. CERATODON, Bridel. 



Slender densely cespitose perennials, on the ground, or rarely on rocks, fastigiately 

 branched. Leaves several-ranked, lanceolate, strongly costate, flexuose or rarely 

 strict when dry, dull, papillose or sinoothish above, entire; areolation minutely 

 quadrate, near the base looser, more hexagonal and hyaline. Inflorescence dioecious, 

 terminal : male flowers bud-like. Calyptra cuciillate. Capsule slightly nodding, 

 oblong-cylindric, long-pedicellate, striate, deeply sulcate when dry, with broad 

 annulus; operculum conic, subrostrate. Peristome single, of 16 regular linear- 

 lanceolate teeth, equally cleft nearly to the base, papillose and prominently articu- 

 lated, strongly hygroscopic. 



Three species are European, one of them cosmopolitan. 



1. C. purpureus, Bridel. Tufts soft, reddish- to olive-green, 2 or 3 inches 

 higb or less : leaves oblong-lanceolate, carinate, with recurved margins and excur- 

 reut costa, dull and smoothish : capsule purplish red and shining, upon a purple 

 pedicel, incurved and 4 - 5-angled when dry : teeth purple, when dry spirally in- 

 curved. Bruch & Schimp. Bryol. Eur. t. 189, 190; Sulliv. in Gray's Manual, 

 2 ed. t. 1 ; Sulliv. & Lesq. Musc."Am.-Bor. Exsicc. n. 107 b (2 ed. n. 160) ; Berkeley, 

 Brit. Moss. t. 23, fig. 5. Dicranum purpureum, Hedw. Spec. 36, t. 36. Didymodon 

 purpureus, Hook. & Tayl. Muse. Brit. 65, t. 20. 



Var. xanthopus, Sulliv. & Lesqx. 1. c. Pedicels white. 



Common in California (Bigelow, Brewer, Bolander) ; on wet rocks, Yosemite Valley (Bolander) ; 

 on dry rocks in the Hot Spring Mountains, Nevada ( Watson) ; the variety on roots and stumps 

 of both species of Sequoia, Bolander. The most common and cosmopolitan of all mosses, growing 

 from the sea-level to high altitudes in the mountains, and from arctic regions to the tropics. 



11. DIDYMODON, Hedw. 



Branching cespitose perennials, rooting at the base of the branches. Leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, serrate and densely papillose at the apex, the areolation looser and 



