Fissidens. MUSCI. 373 



* * Leaves emarginate or rounded at the apex, the costa usually excurrent as a 

 hair: capsule oblong-cylindric. 



t Flowers monoecious. 



26. B. laevipila, Bridel. Densely matted, tomentose at base : leaves spread- 

 ing or recurved, deep or glaucous green becoming brown, oblong or obovate-oblong, 

 rounded and emarginate above, the terminal white seta smooth or serrate : capsule 

 oblong-cylindrical, deep brown, with slender conical operculum, and peristome 

 tubular for one-third its length. Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 164 ; Sulliv. & Lesq. 

 1. c., 2 ed. n. 143. Tortula Icevipila, Schwaegr. Suppl. t. 120 ; Wilson, 1. c., t. 43. 



On railroad levees at Sacramento and on Monte Diablo {Bolander) ; on the Pah-Ute Moun- 

 tains, Nevada ( Watson) ; Vancouver Island (Lyall) ; also all temperate and Southern Europe, 

 and Northern Africa. 



H Flowers dioecious. 



27. B. latifolia, Bruch. In loose soft patches, \ to 1 inch high, deep or lurid 

 green : leaves less crowded below, the upper rosulate and spreading, obovate-spatu- 

 late, obtuse and emarginate, the costa scarcely excurrent : capsule oblong-cylindrical, 

 on a rather short pedicel, brown, with narrow simple annulus, and peristome as in 

 the last. Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 164; Sulliv. & Lesq. 1. c., n. 144. Tortula, 

 latifolia, Wilson, Bryol. Brit. t. 43. 



Borders of a creek near San Rafael (Bolander) ; Oregon, Hall. European. 



28. B. ruralis, Hedw. In broad loose yellowish mats, 1 to 3 inches high : 

 leaves squarrose-recurved, oblong, margins reflexed, the apex rounded or emarginate, 

 with a white long and flexuose rough spinulose seta : capsule oblong, subcylindrical, 

 reddish brown, long-pedicellate, with double annulus, and purple peristome tubular 

 a half or one-third its length. Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 166. Tortula ruralis, 

 Schwaegr. Suppl. t. 34 ; Berkeley, Brit. Moss. t. 22, fig. 4. 



Var. gigantea, Lesq. Stem elongated, the leaves squarrose-reflexed from the 

 base, with long forked papilla? ; costa spinulose-rugose on the back. Mem. Calif. 

 Acad. i. 13; Sulliv. & Lesq. 1. c. n. 146. 



Very common on rocks and trunks of trees, from the plains to the mountains (Bigelow, Bolander, 

 Brewer) ; Oregon ; Nevada and Utah ; Texas ; and from Arctic America to the Eastern States, 

 and common throughout Europe. The variety on moist rocks in Yosemite Valley, Bolander. 



-(-)- Flowers bisexual. 



29. B. Muelleri, Bruch & Schimp. Stems in dense olive- or brownish-green 

 mats, 1 or 2 inches high, densely leafy, branched, radiculose to the top : leaves 

 erect-spreading, folded and appressed when dry, broadly oblong, obtuse, the red 

 costa excurrent as a long obsoletely spinulose hair, margins subrevolute below : cap- 

 sule cylindrical, long-pedicellate, firm, brown, with double annulus. Bryol. Eur. 

 t. 168 ; Sulliv. & Lesq. 1. c., n. 100 b (2 ed. n. 147). Tortula Muelleri, Wilson, 1. c., 

 t. 44. T. princeps, DeNot. Muse. Ital. i. 33, t. 13. 



Common, especially in the plains (Bigelow, Bolander, Brewer) ; Carson City (Watson) ; Van- 

 couver Island (Lyall); also in Chili, and through Western Europe. 



16. PISSIDENS, Hedw. 



Stems simple or sparingly branched. Leaves strictly 2-ranked, infolded boat- 

 shaped at base and produced above into an equitant vertical blade costate to the 

 apex; areolation minute, round-hexagonal, chlorophyllose. Inflorescence various, 

 bud-like, terminal or axillary. Calyptra cucullate or rarely mitriform. Capsule 

 rather long-pedicellate and usually nodding, oval or oblong, straight or slightly 

 incurved; operculum large, beaked; annulus narrow. Peristome simple, of 16 



