Grimmia. MUSCI. 377 



cluster of very broad leaves filled with long-pedicelled lentiform gemmae : female 

 flowers also sometimes gemmiferous : capsules yellowish brown, sometimes in pairs. 

 Spec. Muse. t. 7, fig. 1 ; Bruch & Schimp. Bryol. Eur. t. 196; Wilson, Bryol. Brit, 

 t. 8 ; Sulliv. in Gray's Manual, 2 ed. t. 2 ; Berkeley, Brit. Moss. t. 19, fig. 8. 



On redwood logs near Big River City (Bolander) ; Fort Colville (Lyall) ; frequent in the 

 Atlantic States, and throughout most of the northern hemisphere. 



22. GRIMMIA, Ehrh. 



Perennials, growing on rocks, usually in dense tufts or cushions, dichotomously 

 branched. Leaves dull, in 5 to 8 ranks, the lower often smaller, crowded, spreading, 

 lanceolate, the costa usually long-excurrent, mostly entire with narrowly thickened 

 margins, minutely papillose ; areolation quadrate or hexagonal above, at base rectan- 

 gular or linear or sinuous. Flowers monoecious or dioecious, bud-like, terminal. 

 Calyptra usually mitriform and lobed or cleft at base, sometimes cucullate, not sul- 

 cate, naked and smooth. Capsule usually erect, with simple or compound annulus, 

 and simple purple peristome of 16 lanceolate flat-jointed cribrose teeth, entire or 

 more or less deeply 2 - 3-cleft. 



A genus of nearly 100 species, represented in Europe by about 40 species, and in the United 

 States by 25, of which 15 are also European. 



1. Capsule depressed-spherical, immersed, erect: calyptra large, cucullate: 

 operculum flat, persistent on the columella : leaves not setosely tipped. 

 SCOULERIA. (Scouleria, Hook.) 



1. Gr. Scouleri, Muell. Aquatic : stems loosely cespitose, dichotomously 

 branched, 3 to 5 inches long, flexuose, black : leaves firm, crowded, recurved, 

 broadly lanceolate, dark green, carinate, serrate, minutely punctate, the margin 

 thickened : calyptra brown, obtusish : capsule very shortly pedicelled, deep brown, 

 shining, somewhat flattened, at length much depressed ; operculum umbonate : peri- 

 stome reddish yellow, reflexed, the short teeth more or less bifid at the apex. 

 Syn. ii. 654. Scouleria aquatica, Hook. Bot. Misc. i. 33, t. 18; Schwaegr. Suppl. 

 t. 315. 



On rocks in Merced Eiver near Clark's (Bolaiider) ; in Columbia River (Drummond, Lyall) ; 

 Observatory Inlet, in running water, Scouler. 



2. Capsule ovate or subglobose, immersed on a short erect pedicel: calyptra 

 mitriform, not reaching the edge of the depressed very shortly rostellate 

 operculum., which falls away with the columella : only the upper leaves 

 setosely tipped. SCHISTIDIUM. 



2. Gr. conferta, Funk. In compact tufts, deep green above, blackish below : 

 leaves ovate- or oblong-lanceolate, the margin reflexed below and slightly thickened 

 above ; seta remotely denticulate : calyptra minute, 5-lobed at base : capsule ovate- 

 globose, brown, thin, with acutely apiculate operculum, and a deep orange peristome, 

 the teeth short-lanceolate, subentire and much perforated. Schistidium confertum, 

 Bruch & Schimp. Bryol. Eur. t. 232. 



On Monte Diablo (Bolander) ; in canons near Green Valley (Brewer) ; "West Hutnboldt Moun- 

 tains, Nevada, and the Uintas ( Watson) ; northern Atlantic States, Europe, and Abyssinia. 



3. Gr. apocarpa, Hedw. More loosely tufted, to 1 inch high or more : leaves 

 spreading, erect when dry, lanceolate, with appressed-recurved margins, toothed at 

 the apex ; areolation toward the base narrow and sinuous ; perichsetial leaves broader 

 and thinner : capsule larger, ovate, firmer and opaque, red, long-apiculate : teeth 

 larger, deep purple, sometimes perforated, widely spreading when dry. Schistidium 

 apocarpum, Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 233, 234 ; Wilson, Bryol. Brit. t. 13; Sulliv. 

 in Grav's Man. 2 ed. t. 2. 



