378 MUSCI. Grimmia. 



Yoseniite Valley (Bolander) ; Colorado River (Bigelow) ; Uinta Mountains ( Watson) ; common 

 eastward, from Arctic America to the Atlantic States, and in most quarters of the globe. An 

 exceedingly variable species. Var. rivularis, Nees & Hornsch., a large form, 2 or 3 inches high, 

 with ovate-lanceolate obtusish leaves, and shorter capsule becoming turbinate, is found on wet 

 rocks in Yoseniite Valley, Bolander. 



3. Capsule more or less exserted upon an arcuate pedicel: calyptra larger, 

 mostly mitriform and lobed at base : operculum conic, obtuse or rostrate, 

 deciduous without the columella : leaves all setosely tipped. GRIMMIA 

 proper. 



* Calyptra campanulate-cucullate : flowers monoecious. 



4. Gr. Jamesii, Austin. In compact hemispherical- tufts : leaves crowded above, 

 erect when dry, oblong- to ovate-lanceolate, convolute-concave above the middle, 

 tipped with a white scabrous subulate-filiform seta, the costa reaching to the apex, 

 tit-eolation at the angles enlarged-quadrate : calyptra large, unequally lobed at base : 

 capsule round-oval, slightly exserted upon a slender yellow pedicel, from yellow 

 becoming red, obconic when dry and slightly striate ; operculum very shortly 

 convex-acuminate ; annulus obscure : teeth pale red, very short, broad, 3 - 4-cleft, 

 and much perforated below. Torr. Bot. Bull. vi. 43. G. orbicularis, James, Bot. 

 King Exp. 403, not Bruch & Schimp. 



On dry rocks near Carson City, Watson. With the strongly cribrose peristome of Coscinodon, 

 but the calyptra cucullate and not plicate. 



* * Calyptra mitriform and lobed, straight or oblique. 



t Flowers monoecious. 



5. Gr. pulvinata, Smith. Resembling the last, but less crowded and somewhat 

 paler, \ to 1 inch high : leaves oblong-lanceolate, the margin slightly thickened : 

 capsule upon a longer pedicel, distinctly striate, costate when dry, firmer, brown ; 

 operculum convex, rostrate ; annulus broader : teeth bright purple, longer, sparingly 

 perforated, unequally bifid. Engl. Bot. t. 1728; Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 239 ; 

 Wilson, 1. c., t. 13; Sulliv. & Lesq. Muse. Am.-Bor. Exsicc. n. 137 b . 



Near Ukiah, on Russian River, and about Clear Lake (Bolander) ; on William's River, Arizona 

 (Bigelow) ; Hot Spring Mountains, Nevada, and the Uintas ( Watson) ; Fort Colville (Lyall) ; 

 Arctic America (Taylor) ; and widely distributed through the Old World. 



i -i- Flowers dioecious. 



6. Gr. COntorta, Schimp. Rounded tufts soft, deep green, blackish below : 

 leaves spreading-incurved, crisped when dry, lanceolate to linear-subulate, hyaline at 

 the apex or shortly setose, somewhat folded-carinate, the margin recurved below ; 

 perichastial leaves 8 or 9, subulate, spreading : capsule nodding upon a somewhat 

 arcuate pedicel, erect when dry, oval, soft, yellowish, small : operculum convex- 

 conic, obtuse : annulus broad : teeth orange-red, reflexecl when dry, bifid to below 

 the middle and perforated. G. uncinata, Kaulf. ; Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 248. 

 G. incurva, Schwaegr. Suppl. ii. t. 97. 



Big Tree Grove (Bolander) ; alpine regions of Europe. 



7. Gr. Muhlenbeckii, Schimp. Loosely tufted, soft, from green becoming 

 hoary ; stems tall, branching : leaves densely crowded, erect when dry, long- 

 lanceolate, channelled along the very prominent costa, carinate at the apex, with 

 flat margins, the upper leaves tipped with a rather long very rough hair : capsule 

 exserted upon an arcuate pedicel, somewhat pendulous, oval, smooth, brownish, 

 with a convex apiculate operculum and narrow annulus : teeth reddish purple, erect 

 when dry, entire, rarely slightly bifid. Cr. incurva, Bruch & Schimp. 1. c., t. 243. 



Mount Dana, at 10,500 feet altitude (Bolander) ; Alps of Europe. 



8. Gr. trichophylla, Grev. Loosely tufted, soft, yellowish or green ; stems 

 to 1 inch long : leaves spreading, incurved when dry, oblong-lanceolate, attenuate to 



