XII.] AND PERCEPTION. 171 



which we mean to denote when we call it the smell of the 

 rose. In like manner we speak of the smell of hay, the 



smell of turpentine, and the smell of a fox 



We can distinguish this feeling, this consciousness, the 

 sensation of smell, from every other sensation. Smell 

 and Sound are two very different things ; so are Smell 

 and Sight. The smell of a rose is different from the 

 colour of the rose ; it is also different from the smooth- 

 ness of the rose, or the sensation we have by touching the 



rose In all these cases what we speak of is a 



point of consciousness, a thing which we can describe no 

 otherwise than by calling it a feeling; a part of that 

 series, that succession, that flow of something, on account 

 of which we call ourselves living or sensitive creatures. 



The feelings, however, which belong to the five 



external Senses are not a full enumeration of the feelings 

 which it seems proper to rank under the head of Sensa- 

 tions, and which must be considered as bearing an 

 important part in those complicated phenomena which it 

 is our principal business in this inquiry to separate into 

 their principal elements and explain. Of these unnamed 

 and generally unregarded sensations, two principal classes 

 may be distinguished : first, Those which accompany 

 the action of the several Muscles of the body ; and 

 secondly, those which have their place in the Alimentary 

 Canal [and other internal Viscera]." 



This explanation of the word Sensation is clear and 

 leaves room for no uncertainty. The term is seen to be 

 interchangeable with the word Feeling, although the latter 

 has a wider signification and is applicable to every modi- 

 fication of Consciousness whatsoever. For instance, we 

 are said to feel excited or depressed, we feel fearful or 

 confident, we feel joy and sorrow, we feel love and hatred 

 though these various emotional or moral states arc- 



