172 SENSATION, IDEATION, 



sometimes distinguished from our more primary and 

 simpler feelings by calling them 'Sentiments.' 



In addition, however, to the 'simple' Sensations experi- 

 enced through the activity of the organs of any one sense, 

 we are capable of experiencing clusters of simultaneous 

 sensations from some external object. It is in part 

 by the differences existing between such clusters of sen- 

 sations that we are able to distinguish ' external objects ' 

 from one another. Each cluster may be said for the 

 present to answer to a kind of ' complex ' Sensation, and 

 this we are accustomed to denote by the name of the 

 corresponding object. A qualification of this statement 

 will, however, subsequently be needed. 



James Mill says, " The name rose is the mark of a 

 sensation of colour, a sensation of shape, a sensation of 

 touch, a sensation of smell, all in conjunction. The 

 name water is the mark of a sensation of colour, a sensa- 

 tion of touch, a sensation of taste, and other sensations, 

 regarded not separately but as a compound." But as the 

 same writer adds : " We not only give names to clusters 

 of sensations, but to clusters of clusters ; that is, to a 

 number of minor clusters, united into a greater cluster. 

 Thus we give the name ' wood ' to a particular cluster of 

 sensations, the name 'canvas' to another, the name 'rope* 

 to another. To these clusters, and many others, joined 

 together in one great cluster, we give the name 'ship.' To 

 a number of these great clusters united into one we give 

 the name 'fleet' and so on. How great a number of clusters 

 are united in the term 'house' ? And how many more in 

 the term 'city'?" 



But another term must now be defined. A Sensation, 

 whether ' simple ' or ' complex,' which has once been ex- 

 perienced is, as we all know, apt to persist or to be revived 

 in memory. On this subject, again, James Mill writes : 



