CHAP. XVIII. ] POWERS OF HIGHER BRUTES. 313 



regarded as the joint product of the animal's intelligence 

 and of its love for its master or mistress. Of the mani- 

 festations of sympathy for their own kind the records are 

 comparatively scarce. Swainson, however, quotes a good 

 instance of it. He says* : 



"The Eev. Mr. S , of M , Denbighshire, had a 



favourite Newfoundland dog, who lived at large, partook of 

 the best of everything, and exercised his power with great mild- 

 ness. He was seen more than once leaping the gate which 

 separated the yard of the house from the farm-yard, and carrying 

 large bones that had been given him to a sporting dog, who was 

 tied up in the stable." 



The occasional dislike of the Dog for members of its 

 own species engendered almost at first sight is some- 

 times striking enough in itself, but when we find that a 

 memory of this sort of Emotion is retained, and roused 

 again after a long period by a simple Association of Ideas 

 roused, too, in such force as to stimulate to immediate 

 action the fact is one which deserves to be recorded in 

 illustration of the mental and emotional processes of the 

 Dog. Dr. Paladilhe, of Montpelier, has cited an inter- 

 esting instance of this kind. Being about to spend some 

 days with relatives living in a small village about twenty- 

 two miles distant, he took his greyhound with him, she 

 never having been there before. 



" It so happened," he says,f "that not far off there was a hound 

 bitch belonging to one of my cousin's neighbours, and between these 

 two animals (from the beginning of my short stay) there arose the 

 deepest hatred and animosity, and conflicts of the most ferocious 

 kind were matters of daily, almost hourly, occurrence. Time 

 altogether failed in producing any better feeling between them, and 

 to the end of my visit each was ever ready and anxious to try its 



* " Habits and Instincts of Animals," p. 72. 

 f " Nature," August 7, 1873. 



