CHAP. XXL] OF THE HUMAN BRAIN. 409 



occupy a similar position at the head of the Carnivorous 

 type. And further, the brains of the Elephant and of 

 Cetacea show (like that of Man) a very decided lack of 

 symmetry in regard to the precise disposition and shape 

 of corresponding Convolutions in the two Hemispheres. 

 The inferences, therefore, seem, at first, not without 

 warrant that lack of symmetry is apt to go as a kind of 

 mechanical accident with great complicacy of the Convolu- 

 tions, and that this latter feature, if we compare animals 

 of allied groups, is, in the main, in relation with the size 

 of their bodies and the capacities of their Crania. 



But other important considerations have to be kept in 

 view. Thus, as Vogt says, we must bear in mind the fact 

 that the ' cranial capacity ' of Man is, in proportion to his 

 bulk, enormously greater than that of any of the anthropoid 

 Apes, and yet notwithstanding this very greatly increased 

 size of the brain- chamber, the increased area thus obtained 

 for superficial grey matter of Brain, does not prove nearly 

 sufficient for the needs of Man's Intellectual and Moral 

 Life : it has still to be increased by the occurrence of 

 further secondary foldings in the Cerebral Convolutions. 



A striking illustration of these all-important considera- 

 tions is to be found in the fact that the convolutional 

 development of the Gorilla's brain is much simpler than 

 that of Man's, although the cranial capacities even of the 

 lowest Men are so much greater than that of the Gorilla, 

 and even though in bulk of body the great Ape often far 

 surpasses them. We have therefore increased complicacy 

 of Convolution showing itself in the brain of Man under 

 such doubly adverse general conditions as to make its 

 existence all the more significant of the enormous advance 

 which has actually taken place in the development of the 

 Cerebrum. 



Again, seeing that the increased convolutional com- 



