CHAP. XXV.] PHRENOLOGY : OLD AND NEW. 521 



assez restrainte de ces lobes sujfit done a I'exercice de leurs func- 

 tions" 



" 2. A mesure que ce retranchement s'opere, toutes les fonctions 

 s'affaiblissent et s'eteignent graduellement; et passe certaineii 

 limites, elles sont tout-a-f'ait eteintes. Les lobes cerebraux con- 

 courent done par tout leur ensemble a lexer cice plein et entier de 

 leurs fonctions. 



"3. EnHn, des qu'une perception est perdue toutes le sont; des 

 qu'une faculte disparait, toutes disparaissent. II n'y a done point 

 de sieges divers ni pour les diverses facultes, ni pour les diverses 

 perceptions. La faculte de percevoir, de juger, de vouloir une chose 

 reside dans le meme lieu que celle d'en percevoir, d'en juger, d'en 

 vouloir une autre ; et consequemment cette faculte, essentiellemerjt 

 une, reside essentiellement dans une seule organe." 



But, notwithstanding the fact that these early and 

 difficult experimental investigations seemed, as Flourens 

 thought, to entitle him to draw some such conclusions, his 

 views could not claim a ready assent. If we are to regard 

 the Brain as the principal organ of Mind, and to look upon 

 each mental operation as one of the manifestations of its 

 functional activity, all analogy and even probahility would 

 point to the conclusion that a definite order must be 

 observed, and that identical mental operations will always 

 be associated with the functional activity of identical tracts 

 of nerve fibres and cells in the Brain and its dependencies. 

 We know that the Olfactory, the Optic, and the Auditory 

 Nerves, each go to different parts of the Brain, so that the 

 primary processes in relation with the exercise of the cor- 

 responding Senses are distinct from one another. Can we 

 believe that in their later or higher phases the tracts for 

 such impressions lose their distinctness? Again, I touch the 

 table at which I am now writing, with my forefinger : the 

 impression thus produced travels by means of nerve fibres 

 along a perfectly definite route from the part touched to 

 my Spinal Cord. Can I doubt that the route by which it 

 reaches the Brain is just as definite (though not so well 



