544 PHRENOLOGY: OLD AND NEW. 



into relation with the different degrees of contraction of 

 all Muscles that may be in a state of action. 



Such impressions, in such groups, differ from those of 

 all other Sense Endowments inasmuch as they are ' results ' 

 rather than * causes ' of Movement, in the first instance ; 

 and are subsequently used only as guides for promoting 

 the continuance of Movements already begun (p. 69). But 

 in other cases the ' ideal ' revival of some such impressions 

 will cooperate with certain sensorial or ' volitional ' stimuli 

 for the renewal of Movements that have been executed at 

 some previous time. 



The experiments of Ferrier are thought by him to show 

 that the sensibilities pertaining to Muscles, Fasciae, Ten- 

 dons, and Joints depend upon Impressions which diffuse 

 themselves in and from the same cortical area as that 

 which is related to the more superficial Cutaneous Impres- 

 sions. By certain cortical lesions, as well as by lesions of 

 the posterior part of the ' internal capsule,' all these modes 

 of Tactile and Common Sensibility have been thought to 

 be impaired or abolished together. 



It is quite possible, however, to find that in certain 

 diseases of the Spinal Cord, the sensibility of the Skin may 

 be impaired or lost, whilst that of the Muscles and other 

 deeper structures is retained ; or in other cases for the 

 sensibility of the Skin to be preserved whilst that of the 

 Muscles is lost ; * and in others still, for ordinary superficial 

 and deep sensibility to be preserved, whilst the transit of the 

 * unconscious ' impressions from Muscles, above referred 

 to, is more or less interfered with, so that whilst, in 

 such a case, there is neither motor nor sensory paralysis, 

 there may be an inability to co-ordinate Movements with- 

 out the aid of Sight, f 



* Jaccoud, " Les paraplegics et 1'ataxie," 1864. 

 f Laiidry, " Traite des paralysies," 1859. 



