582 WILL AND 



be regarded as taking origin from the organic seats of 

 Perceptive and Intellectual Actions. As Spinoza pointed 

 out over two centuries ago, " The Will and the Intelligence 

 are one and the same thing " viewed, however, from a 

 slightly different aspect. 



(b.) According to Schiff and others, the parts deemed 

 ' motor centres ' by Ferrier are rather to be regarded as 

 centres of Touch. The movements of the limbs which 

 result from stimulation of these centres, they consider as 

 of a ' reflex ' nature ; whilst the affection of Motility re- 

 sulting from their destruction is supposed to be of an 

 ' ataxic ' order and occasioned by loss of Tactile Sensi- 

 bility. 



Against this explanation, there is the fact that injury to 

 such regions of the surface of the Brain do not appear to 

 cause, either in the lower animals or in Man, any distinct 

 impairment of the sense of Touch ; neither does it appear 

 to be true, as was formerly believed, that mere loss of Tactile 

 Sensibility, even if it did exist, would of itself cause 

 either ataxic or paralytic symptoms. The evidence fur- 

 nished by persons suffering from complete Hemi- anaesthesia, 

 as well as that occasionally supplied by persons suffering 

 from some forms of ; locomotor ataxy,' seems to show that 

 loss of Tactile Sensibility alone causes no appreciable 

 interference with the Movements of the affected parts. 

 This is the opinion of Charcot, of Broadbent, and others, 

 and it is entirely confirmed by the writer's own examina- 

 tion of the celebrated Hemi-anaesthetics of ' la Salpetriere ' 

 when visiting Prof. Charcot's wards last autumn.* The 

 evidence that formerly seemed to support the opposite 

 opinion, and with which Ferrier appears to have been still 



* For an account of these patients see " Brit. Med. Journal," 

 Oct. 12, 1878. See also Ziemssen's " Cyclopedia," vol. xiii. p. 88. 



