CHAP. XXIX.] SPEECH AND THOUGHT. 637 



establish between these modes of activity ; or with his 

 explanation of the process of Naming still what he 

 says above is very suggestive in regard to possible differ- 

 ences of seat in the organic substrata foi Words accord- 

 ing as they do or do not denote external objects.* It is 

 reasonable to suppose that the lattei might be in more 

 immediate relation with Perceptive Centres, whilst those 

 of other parts of Speech would be much more intimately 

 associated with regions where Perceptive Processes become 

 merged into more complex, and more purely Intellectual 

 Operations. 



Koughly speaking, therefore, the inability to recall 

 names, or the miscalling of persons, places, or things, 

 would be defects going with injuries to or altered states of 

 Perceptive Centres, and might exist with comparatively 

 slight impairment of Intellectual Activity ; whilst, on the 

 other hand, the extreme forms of Amnesia, in which wholly 

 irrelevant propositions, or a mere jumble of words are 

 uttered, are more likely to be associated with marked im- 



neither a Feeling nor a Relation is an independent element of Con- 

 sciousness" which is exactly what Aristotle and many succeeding 

 philosophers have said, in effect if not in actual words, in regard to 

 Feeling and Cognition (see p. 182). The discrimination of a Feeling 

 as such and such necessarily comprehends its ' relations ' of degree, 

 kind, place, and time. And as H. Spencer says (loc. cit. p. 187) : 

 " Mental actions, ordinarily so called, are nearly all carried 

 en in terms of those tactual, auditory, and visual feelings, which 

 exhibit cohesion and consequent ability to integrate in so con- 

 spicuous a manner. Our intellectual operations are indeed mostly 

 confined to the auditory feelings (as integrated into words), and the 

 visual feelings (as integrated into impressions and ideas of objects, 

 their relations, and their motions)." 



* Loc. cit., p. 181. See also Dr. Bristowe's Lectures " On the 

 Pathological Relations of Voice and Speech" (" Brit. Med. Jour- 

 nal," May 10, 1879, p. 691), for a succinct statement of Broadbent's 

 view. 



