CHAP. XXIX.] SPEECH AND THOUGHT. 657 



in an utter inability to speak, although his intelligence seemed to be 

 unimpaired, and he could perfectly understand all the questions 

 that were put to him. But to these questions he invariably 

 answered ' No,' even when he nodded his head to signify assent. 

 One of the students, however, informed me that when left alone 

 with him, he had succeeded in making him say the word ' cloak,' 

 after many repeated trials. I found only a marked deviation of 

 the apex of the tongue to the right, but no other sign of paralysis ; 

 the face, the trunk, and limbs, could be moved with perfect free- 

 dom and force. . . . When I asked him to write his name down he did 

 so correctly, but when I told him to write down what had happened 

 to him, he only wrote ' was, was, was.' He knew perfectly well 

 that this was not what he wanted to write, and, annoyed at not 

 being able to express his thoughts, he put down the pen. Two 

 days after this, on my asking him to write down the name of his 

 birth-place, he wrote ' alone, alone, alone,' and did so again when 

 I asked him to write ' good morning.' His impatient gestures, all 

 the while, showed that he was perfectly conscious that he was not 

 writing what he had in his mind. On the following day he wrote 

 again words that had no sense, such as ' game ' for ' soup,' but 

 he could say ' Good morning, Sir,' speaking, it is true, like a child 

 who is learning to speak. A few days later he said very distinctly, 

 * I am pretty well,' and then ' Good morning, Sir, I am getting on 

 well,' with a hesitating voice, however, like an habitual stammerer, 

 who endeavours not to stutter. When the attempt was renewed 

 to make him write, he only scribbled on the paper a series of 

 syllables without any meaning, but he managed to write under 

 dictation, ' I have eaten.'" 



C. AGRAPHIA. 



6. Damage to Emissive Channels between the left 

 Visual Word-Centres and the Motor Centres in the corre- 

 sponding Corpus Striatum. 



In the typical form of this defect there would be a 

 severance of the connections between the Visual Word- 

 Centre and the superior motor centres concerned with 

 the act of Writing so that this act alone would become 

 impossible, whilst the mental powers, with ability to Bead 



U u 



