682 PROBLEMS IN REGARD TO LOCALIZATION OF 



the existence of the greater number of cells and commis- 

 sural fibres which the extra sensory and derivative func- 

 tions above referred to would probably entail.* 



Having considered some of the questions of ' cerebral 

 localization ' relating to the production of Aphemia, 

 Agraphia, and Aphasia, something must now be said in 

 regard to the seat of lesions productive of the very varied 

 conditions comprised under the term Amnesia. 



Our knowledge on this point is at present rather vague 

 and indefinite, since it is only quite recently that the 

 necessity of not confounding such cases with Aphasia has 

 been at all generally recognized. Moreover, no distinct 

 attempt has hitherto been made to analyze and classify 

 the various conditions comprised under this one term 

 ' Amnesia.' Much more will doubtless soon be ascer- 

 tained, in reference to this subject, by future workers, 

 especially when the examination of cases is more 

 thoroughly and systematically undertaken. t 



Still the knowledge we possess of Amnesic conditions, 

 as well as of the distribution of l ingoing ' fibres in their 

 passage from the base of the Brain to the Convolutions, 

 already enables us to point roughly to the neighbourhood 

 in which lesions or injuries would be likely to produce 

 defects of Speech and Writing of this type. 



Lesions of the convolutions about the posterior extremity 



* See also pp. 399-4-04. 



f In all cases of Amnesia, or of mixed Aphasia and Amnesia, 

 details should among other things always be given in reference to 

 the following points : (1) The patient's ability to understand 

 spoken words (not being deaf); (2) to repeat sounds or words when 

 requested; (3) to write from dictation; (4) to understand and 

 therefore to point out printed letters and words (not being blind) ; 

 (5) to copy written words, or printed words into written words; 

 and (6) to name printed letters or objects, or read aloud. 



