Trifolium.] XXV. PAPILIONACE^E. 113 



in southern Europe to the Caucasus, extending up western France to the 

 shores of the Channel. Rare in England, on the southern coasts, extend- 

 ing eastward up to Norfolk, and westward to Anglesea ; not recorded 

 from Ireland, but perhaps overlooked. Fl. spring or early summer. 



14. T. resupinatum, Linn. (fig. 258). Reversed C. A glabrous 

 annual, with numerous stems, leafy and tufted at the base, lengthened out 

 to a foot or more. Stipules rather broad, with narrow points. Flower - 

 heads small, on short axillary peduncles. Calyx glabrous or hairy on the 

 upper side, the teeth short, but after flowering the upper part becomes 

 very much inflated, arched, membranous and veined, with the 2 upper 

 teeth at the top, the 3 lower ones remaining at the base of the inflated 

 'part. Corolla small, pink, the sides of the standard turned outwards 

 instead of inwards as in other Trifolia. 



In meadows and pastures, especially near the sea, in southern Europe 

 to the Caucasus, and up western France to the shores of the Channel. 

 Not indigenous in Britain, but has occasionally appeared in some of the 

 southern counties of England. Fl. spring and early summer. 



15. T. subterraneum, Linn. (fig. 259). Subterranean C.A small, 

 prostrate annual, more or less clothed with long spreading hairs ; the 

 stems usually short and tufted, but occasionally lengthened out to 6 or 

 8 inches. Stipules broad. Leaflets obovate, on long leafstalks. Flowers 

 white or pale pink, long in proportion to the plant, 2 or 3 together on 

 axillary peduncles, which lengthen considerably after flowering, and 

 turn down almost into the ground ; the fruiting calyx then turns back 

 upon the peduncle, and is usually surrounded by short thick fibres, each 

 with 5 spreading, subulate teeth, showing that they are undeveloped 

 calyxes. 



In dry, gravelly or sandy pastures, common in southern Europe to the 

 Caucasus, and up western France to the Channel. Abundant in many 

 parts of southern and central England, and in co. Wicklow in Ireland, 

 but not in the north, nor in Scotland. Fl. spring and early summer. 



16. T. fragiferum, Linn. (fig. 260). Strawberry C. The perennial 

 stock, creeping stems, foliage, and peduncles are those of T. repens, 

 but the flowers are closely sessile in the head, surrounded by an involucre 

 of lobed bracts as long as the calyx-tubes, and the calyx, after flowering, 

 becomes much inflated, thin, and reticulate, with short fine teeth ; the 

 flower-head is then very compact, half an inch or more in diameter, and 

 often assumes a pink tint, so as to have been compared to a strawberry. 

 Corolla small and red. 



In rather dry meadows and pastures, common in Europe and central and 

 Russian Asia, penetrating far into Scandinavia. Frequent in England, 

 local in Ireland and Scotland. Fl. summer and autumn. 



17. T. repens, Linn. (fig. 261). White or Dutch C.A. glabrous or 

 slightly hairy perennial, the stems creeping and rooting at the nodes. 

 Stipules small. Leaflets obovate, distinctly toothed, and usually bearing 

 a mark in the centre, which has been compared to a horseshoe, the leaf- 

 stalks often very long. Peduncles axillary, long, and erect, bearing a 

 globular head, or rather umbel, of white flowers, often tinged with pink ; 

 the pedicels, after flowering, more or less elongated and recurved. Calyx- 

 teeth scarcely so long as the tube, the lowest one usually the shortest. 

 Pod containing 2 to 4 seeds, usually protruding from the calyx, but 

 enclosed in the withered corolla. 



